Dental Institute, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
Caries Res. 2011;45(1):40-6. doi: 10.1159/000322852. Epub 2011 Jan 13.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Traditionally, tobacco is considered as part of the military culture. A cross-sectional survey was designed to clarify if smoking habit increases the caries risk in a sample of Italian adults attending a Military Academy.
Clinical examinations including dental caries and presence of bleeding at probing were carried out following WHO criteria. Related socio-behavioural factors were collected. Four calibrated examiners observed 763 subjects (men = 722; 94.6% and women = 41; 5.4%).
One of the 763 subjects did not declare the smoking status and was excluded from the analysis. Hundred twenty-six (16.5%) subjects claimed to have never smoked, 200 (26.3%) were coded as light smokers and 436 (57.2%) as heavy tobacco users. Statistically significant linear trend across the educational level (p = 0.03), self-satisfaction with the appearance of teeth and gums (p = 0.04) and dental check-up in the past 6 months (p = 0.02) was found among the 3 subgroups. Almost the entire sample showed caries experience (84.1%). Mean DS ranged from 0.6 in the nonsmokers subgroup to 1.1 in the heavy smokers. Differences among means were statistically significant for DS, DMFS and Significant Caries Index (p = 0.01, 0.04 and 0.03, respectively). The zero-inflated regression model showed that caries severity was significantly associated with smoking habit (p = 0.02), dental check-up in the past 6 months (p = 0.01), self-satisfaction with the appearance of teeth and gums (p < 0.01) and healthy gums (p = 0.04).
Heavy smokers attending a Military Academy showed a higher prevalence of caries, confirming a correlation between the disease and tobacco use.
背景/目的：传统上，烟草被认为是军事文化的一部分。本横断面调查旨在明确意大利一所军事学院学员的吸烟习惯是否会增加其患龋风险。
按照世界卫生组织（WHO）标准进行临床检查，包括龋齿和探诊出血情况。收集相关社会行为因素。由 4 名经过校准的检查者观察 763 名受试者（男性 722 名，占 94.6%；女性 41 名，占 5.4%）。
763 名受试者中有 1 名未报告吸烟状况，被排除在分析之外。126 名（16.5%）受试者声称从未吸烟，200 名（26.3%）被归类为轻度吸烟者，436 名（57.2%）为重度烟草使用者。在这 3 个亚组中，在校正了教育程度（p = 0.03）、对牙齿和牙龈外观的自我满意度（p = 0.04）和过去 6 个月的牙科检查（p = 0.02）后，发现了线性趋势。几乎整个样本都有龋齿经历（84.1%）。DMFT 平均值从非吸烟者亚组的 0.6 到重度吸烟者的 1.1 不等。DMFT、DFS 和显著龋失补牙数（DMFS）之间的平均值差异具有统计学意义（p = 0.01、0.04 和 0.03）。零膨胀回归模型显示，龋病严重程度与吸烟习惯显著相关（p = 0.02）、过去 6 个月的牙科检查（p = 0.01）、对牙齿和牙龈外观的自我满意度（p < 0.01）和牙龈健康（p = 0.04）。
参加军事学院的重度吸烟者的龋齿患病率较高，证实了该疾病与烟草使用之间的相关性。
