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超缓慢玻璃形成系统中类临界行为的证据。

Evidence for critical-like behavior in ultraslowing glass-forming systems.

作者信息

Drozd-Rzoska Aleksandra, Rzoska Sylwester J, Pawlus Sebastian, Martinez-Garcia Julio C, Tamarit Josep-Lluís

机构信息

Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Sokołowska 27/39, 01-143 Warsaw, Poland.

出版信息

Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2010 Sep;82(3 Pt 1):031501. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.82.031501. Epub 2010 Sep 10.

Abstract

Glass transition constitutes one of main problems of condensed matter physics and material engineering that remains unsolved. The common acceptance of the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann (VFT) equation for portraying the primary relaxation time or shear viscosity indicated a possible phase transition, hidden below the glass transition temperature (T(g)). Recently Hecksher [Nat. Phys. 4, 737 (2008)] delivered strong empirical arguments that VFT description lacks a direct experimental basis and thus theories not predicting a dynamic divergence should be focused on. We present clear evidence for a superiority of critical-like divergent equation τ(T)=τ(0)(T-T(C))(-ϕ) and T(C)<T(g) for liquid crystalline (LC) glass formers and orientationally disordered crystals (ODIC). Such dependence was already known for spin-glasslike systems and the dynamical scaling model, although the latter was hardly explored so far. The pressure-related behavior is also discussed. Results obtained support arguments for the suggested direct link between critical phenomena and vitrification [Tanaka, Nat. Mater. 9, 324 (2010)]. LCs and ODICs may be considered as simple experimental model systems for the structural glass formers group.

摘要

玻璃化转变是凝聚态物理和材料工程中尚未解决的主要问题之一。用于描述主要弛豫时间或剪切粘度的Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann(VFT)方程被广泛接受,这表明在玻璃化转变温度(T(g))以下可能存在一个隐藏的相变。最近,Hecksher [《自然·物理学》4, 737 (2008)] 给出了有力的经验论据,表明VFT描述缺乏直接的实验基础,因此应关注那些不预测动态发散的理论。我们给出了明确的证据,证明对于液晶(LC)玻璃形成体和取向无序晶体(ODIC),临界类发散方程τ(T)=τ(0)(T-T(C))(-ϕ) 且T(C)<T(g) 具有优越性。这种依赖性在自旋玻璃状系统和动态标度模型中已经为人所知,尽管后者迄今为止几乎未被探索。还讨论了与压力相关的行为。所得结果支持了关于临界现象与玻璃化之间存在直接联系的观点 [Tanaka, 《自然·材料》9, 324 (2010)]。LC和ODIC可被视为结构玻璃形成体组的简单实验模型系统。

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