State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2011 Apr;14(2):187-94. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2010.12.001. Epub 2011 Jan 11.
In multicellular organisms, each cell contains the same DNA sequence, but with different epigenetic information that determines the cell specificity. Semi-conservative DNA replication faithfully copies the parental nucleotide sequence into two DNA daughter strands during each cell cycle. At the same time, epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation and histone modifications are either precisely transmitted to the daughter cells or dynamically changed during S-phase. Recent studies indicate that in each cell cycle, many DNA replication related proteins are involved in not only genomic but also epigenomic replication. Histone modification proteins, chromatin remodeling proteins, histone variants, and RNAs participate in the epigenomic replication during S-phase. As a consequence, epigenome replication is closely linked with DNA replication during S-phase.
在多细胞生物中，每个细胞都含有相同的 DNA 序列，但具有不同的表观遗传信息，这些信息决定了细胞的特异性。半保留 DNA 复制在每个细胞周期中忠实地将亲代核苷酸序列复制到两条 DNA 子链中。同时，表观遗传标记，如 DNA 甲基化和组蛋白修饰，要么精确地传递到子细胞，要么在 S 期动态改变。最近的研究表明，在每个细胞周期中，许多与 DNA 复制相关的蛋白质不仅参与基因组复制，还参与表观遗传复制。组蛋白修饰蛋白、染色质重塑蛋白、组蛋白变体和 RNA 参与 S 期的表观遗传复制。因此，S 期的表观基因组复制与 DNA 复制密切相关。
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