Division of Biology 156-29, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Trends Cell Biol. 2011 Apr;21(4):212-8. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2010.12.004. Epub 2011 Jan 13.
The textbooks and literature of plant biology indicate that plant cells are totipotent, and that regeneration occurs via dedifferentiation, by which the cell and its descendents recapitulate earlier stages of development. However, recent work on the generation of callus, a presumed undifferentiated or dedifferentiated and disorganized cellular mass, indicates that the cells of callus are neither, and that callus forms predominantly from a pre-existing population of stem cells. Recent work in animal regeneration, for example in salamander limbs, also indicates that previous assumptions about the extent of dedifferentiation and pluripotency in animals are in need of critical reassessment. We review here some of these data, compare plant and animal regeneration, and argue that the importance of dedifferentiation and plasticity in regenerating systems is due for reevaluation.
植物生物学的教材和文献表明，植物细胞具有全能性，通过去分化实现再生，细胞及其后代会重现早期的发育阶段。然而，关于愈伤组织的形成（一种假定的未分化或去分化且无序的细胞团）的最新研究表明，愈伤组织的细胞并非如此，而且愈伤组织主要是由预先存在的干细胞群体形成的。例如，在蝾螈肢体的动物再生研究中也表明，之前关于动物去分化和多能性程度的假设需要进行批判性的重新评估。在这里，我们回顾了其中的一些数据，比较了植物和动物的再生，并认为在再生系统中，去分化和可塑性的重要性需要重新评估。
