Cell and Developmental Biology, cluster Plant Developmental Biology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
J Exp Bot. 2024 Jul 23;75(14):4373-4393. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erae264.
Animals and plants have developed resilience mechanisms to effectively endure and overcome physical damage and environmental challenges throughout their life span. To sustain their vitality, both animals and plants employ mechanisms to replenish damaged cells, either directly, involving the activity of adult stem cells, or indirectly, via dedifferentiation of somatic cells that are induced to revert to a stem cell state and subsequently redifferentiate. Stem cell research has been a rapidly advancing field in animal studies for many years, driven by its promising potential in human therapeutics, including tissue regeneration and drug development. A major breakthrough was the discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which are reprogrammed from somatic cells by expressing a limited set of transcription factors. This discovery enabled the generation of an unlimited supply of cells that can be differentiated into specific cell types and tissues. Equally, a keen interest in the connection between plant stem cells and regeneration has been developed in the last decade, driven by the demand to enhance plant traits such as yield, resistance to pathogens, and the opportunities provided by CRISPR/Cas-mediated gene editing. Here we discuss how knowledge of stem cell biology benefits regeneration technology, and we speculate on the creation of a universal genotype-independent iPSC system for plants to overcome regenerative recalcitrance.
动物和植物都演化出了相应的抗压机制，使其在生命周期内能够有效地承受和克服物理损伤和环境挑战。为了保持活力，动物和植物都采用了一些机制来补充受损的细胞，要么直接利用成体干细胞的活性，要么间接地通过诱导体细胞去分化为干细胞状态，然后再重新分化。多年来，干细胞研究一直是动物研究领域的一个快速发展领域，因为它在人类治疗学方面有很大的潜力，包括组织再生和药物开发。一个重大突破是诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）的发现，它是通过表达一组有限的转录因子从体细胞重新编程而来的。这一发现使得能够产生无限供应的细胞，这些细胞可以分化为特定的细胞类型和组织。同样，在过去十年中，人们对植物干细胞和再生之间的联系产生了浓厚的兴趣，这是因为人们希望增强植物的特性，如产量、对病原体的抗性，以及 CRISPR/Cas 介导的基因编辑提供的机会。在这里，我们讨论了干细胞生物学知识如何有益于再生技术，并推测创建一个通用的基因型独立的 iPSC 系统来克服植物再生的顽固性。
