The Laboratoire d'Ecologie, CNRS URA 258, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Bât. A., 7ème étage, 7 quai St Bernard, Case 237, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France.
Trends Ecol Evol. 1997 May;12(5):196-200. doi: 10.1016/s0169-5347(97)01056-2.
The evolution of host susceptibility or resistance to parasites has important consequences for the evolution of parasite virulence, host sexual selection, population dynamics of both host and parasite populations, and programs of biological control. The general observation of a fraction of Individuals within a population that is not parasitized, and/or the variability in parasite intensity among hosts, may reflect several phenomena acting at different levels of ecological organization. Yet, host-parasite coevolution requires host susceptibility and parasite virulence to be genetically variable. In spite of evolutionary and epidemiological implications of genetic heterogeneities in host-parasite systems, evidence concerning natural populations is still scarce. Here, we wish to emphasize why we need a better knowledge of the genetics of host-parasite interaction in natural populations and to review the evidence concerning the heritability of host susceptibility or resistance to parasites in natural populations of animals.
宿主对寄生虫的易感性或抵抗力的进化对寄生虫毒力的进化、宿主的性选择、宿主和寄生虫种群的种群动态以及生物防治计划都有重要的影响。在一个种群中，有一部分个体不受寄生虫感染，或者宿主之间的寄生虫强度存在差异，这一普遍现象可能反映了在不同的生态组织层次上发生的几种现象。然而，宿主-寄生虫的协同进化需要宿主的易感性和寄生虫的毒力在遗传上是可变的。尽管宿主-寄生虫系统的遗传异质性具有进化和流行病学意义，但关于自然种群的证据仍然很少。在这里，我们希望强调为什么我们需要更好地了解自然种群中宿主-寄生虫相互作用的遗传学，并回顾关于动物自然种群中宿主对寄生虫的易感性或抵抗力的遗传力的证据。
