Grondin Jensine A, Jamal Asif, Mowna Sadrina, Seto Tyler, Khan Waliul I
Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
Pathogens. 2024 Jul 23;13(8):608. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13080608.
Intestinal parasites, including helminths and protozoa, account for a significant portion of the global health burden. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract not only serves as the stage for these parasitic infections but also as the residence for millions of microbes. As the intricacies of the GI microbial milieu continue to unfold, it is becoming increasingly apparent that the interactions between host, parasite, and resident microbes help dictate parasite survival and, ultimately, disease outcomes. Across both clinical and experimental models, intestinal parasites have been shown to impact microbial composition and diversity. Reciprocally, microbes can directly influence parasitic survival, colonization and expulsion. The gut microbiota can also indirectly impact parasites through the influence and manipulation of the host. Studying this host-parasite-microbiota axis may help bring about novel therapeutic strategies for intestinal parasitic infection as well as conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this review, we explore the relationship between intestinal parasites, with a particular focus on common protozoa and helminths, and the gut microbiota, and how these interactions can influence the host defence and intestinal immune response. We will also explore the impact of this tripartite relationship in a clinical setting and its broader implications for human health.
肠道寄生虫，包括蠕虫和原生动物，在全球健康负担中占很大一部分。胃肠道不仅是这些寄生虫感染的发生场所，也是数以百万计微生物的栖息地。随着胃肠道微生物环境的复杂性不断展现，宿主、寄生虫和常驻微生物之间的相互作用对寄生虫的生存乃至最终的疾病结局起着决定性作用，这一点越来越明显。在临床和实验模型中，肠道寄生虫均已被证明会影响微生物的组成和多样性。反之，微生物也能直接影响寄生虫的生存、定植和排出。肠道微生物群还可通过对宿主的影响和调控间接影响寄生虫。研究这种宿主 - 寄生虫 - 微生物群轴可能有助于为肠道寄生虫感染以及炎症性肠病（IBD）等疾病带来新的治疗策略。在这篇综述中，我们探讨肠道寄生虫（特别关注常见的原生动物和蠕虫）与肠道微生物群之间的关系，以及这些相互作用如何影响宿主防御和肠道免疫反应。我们还将探讨这种三方关系在临床环境中的影响及其对人类健康的更广泛意义。
