University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2011 Feb;37(2):151-64. doi: 10.1177/0146167210392384.
The authors examined women's neuroendocrine stress responses associated with sexism. They predicted that, when being evaluated by a man, women who chronically perceive more sexism would experience more stress unless the situation contained overt cues that sexism would not occur. The authors measured stress as the end product of the primary stress system linked to social evaluative threat-the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal cortical axis. In Study 1, female participants were rejected by a male confederate in favor of another male for sexist reasons or in favor of another female for merit-based reasons. In Study 2, female participants interacted with a male confederate who they learned held sexist attitudes or whose attitudes were unknown. Participants with higher chronic perceptions of sexism had higher cortisol, unless the situation contained cues that sexism was not possible. These results illustrate the powerful interactive effects of chronic perceptions of sexism and situational cues on women's stress reactivity.
作者研究了与性别歧视相关的女性神经内分泌应激反应。他们预测，当女性受到男性评估时，如果女性长期感知到更多的性别歧视，除非情况明显表明不会发生性别歧视，否则她们会感到更大的压力。作者将压力测量为与社会评价威胁相关的主要应激系统的终产物——下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴。在研究 1 中，女性参与者因性别歧视原因被男性同伙拒绝，转而支持另一名男性，或因基于优点的原因转而支持另一名女性。在研究 2 中，女性参与者与一名男性同伙互动，他们了解到该男性同伙持有性别歧视态度，或者其态度未知。那些长期感知到更多性别歧视的参与者的皮质醇水平更高，除非情况表明性别歧视是不可能的。这些结果说明了女性对性别歧视的长期感知和情境线索对其应激反应的强大交互作用。
