Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
Proteomics. 2011 Feb;11(4):709-20. doi: 10.1002/pmic.201000422. Epub 2011 Jan 17.
Exosomes are membranous vesicles released by cells in extracellular fluids: they have been found and analyzed in blood, urine, amniotic fluid, breast milk, seminal fluid, saliva and malignant effusions, besides conditioned media from different cell lines. Several recent papers show that exosome proteomes of different origin include both a common set of membrane and cytosolic proteins, and specific subsets of proteins, likely correlated to cell-type associated functions. This is particularly interesting in relation to their possible involvement in human diseases. The knowledge of exosome proteomics can help not only in understanding their biological roles but also in supplying new biomarkers to be searched for in patients' fluids. This review offers an overview of technical and analytical issues in exosome proteomics, and it highlights the significance of proteomic studies in terms of biological and clinical usefulness.
已经在血液、尿液、羊水、母乳、精液、唾液和恶性积液中发现并分析了外泌体，此外还有来自不同细胞系的条件培养基。最近的几篇论文表明，不同来源的外泌体蛋白质组包括一组共同的膜和细胞质蛋白，以及特定的蛋白质亚群，可能与细胞类型相关的功能相关。这在它们可能参与人类疾病方面特别有趣。对外泌体蛋白质组学的了解不仅有助于理解它们的生物学功能，还有助于在患者体液中寻找新的生物标志物。这篇综述概述了外泌体蛋白质组学中的技术和分析问题，并强调了蛋白质组学研究在生物学和临床应用方面的重要意义。
