National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, Thailand.
Gene. 2011 Apr 15;475(2):104-12. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2011.01.002. Epub 2011 Jan 15.
Rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is an economical plant and widely grown for natural rubber production. However, genomic research of rubber tree has lagged behind other species in the Euphorbiaceae family. We report the complete chloroplast genome sequence of rubber tree as being 161,191 bp in length including a pair of inverted repeats of 26,810 bp separated by a small single copy region of 18,362 bp and a large single copy region of 89,209 bp. The chloroplast genome contains 112 unique genes, 16 of which are duplicated in the inverted repeat. Of the 112 unique genes, 78 are predicted protein-coding genes, 4 are ribosomal RNA genes and 30 are tRNA genes. Relative to other plant chloroplast genomes, we observed a unique rearrangement in the rubber tree chloroplast genome: a 30-kb inversion between the trnE(UUC)-trnS(GCU) and the trnT(GGU)-trnR(UCU). A comparison between the rubber tree chloroplast genes and cDNA sequences revealed 51 RNA editing sites in which most (48 sites) were located in 26 protein coding genes and the other 3 sites were in introns. Phylogenetic analysis based on chloroplast genes demonstrated a close relationship between Hevea and Manihot in Euphorbiaceae and provided a strong support for a monophyletic group of the eurosid I.
橡胶树（Hevea brasiliensis）是一种经济作物，广泛种植用于天然橡胶生产。然而，橡胶树的基因组研究落后于大戟科的其他物种。我们报告了橡胶树完整的叶绿体基因组序列，长度为 161191bp，包括一对长 26810bp 的反向重复序列，由长 18362bp 的小单拷贝区和长 89209bp 的大单拷贝区隔开。叶绿体基因组包含 112 个独特的基因，其中 16 个基因在反向重复中重复。在 112 个独特的基因中，78 个是预测的蛋白编码基因，4 个是核糖体 RNA 基因，30 个是 tRNA 基因。与其他植物叶绿体基因组相比，我们观察到橡胶树叶绿体基因组中存在一个独特的重排：trnE(UUC)-trnS(GCU)和 trnT(GGU)-trnR(UCU)之间的 30kb 倒位。橡胶树叶绿体基因与 cDNA 序列的比较显示，有 51 个 RNA 编辑位点，其中大多数（48 个）位于 26 个蛋白编码基因中，另外 3 个位于内含子中。基于叶绿体基因的系统发育分析表明，大戟科中的橡胶树和木薯之间存在密切关系，为 eurosid I 的单系群提供了有力支持。
