National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Phaholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
Gene. 2012 Jun 1;500(2):172-80. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.03.061. Epub 2012 Apr 2.
Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is an economically important crop, which is grown for oil production. To better understand the molecular basis of oil palm chloroplasts, we characterized the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence obtained from 454 pyrosequencing. The oil palm cp genome is 156,973 bp in length consisting of a large single-copy region of 85,192 bp flanked on each side by inverted repeats of 27,071 bp with a small single-copy region of 17,639 bp joining the repeats. The genome contains 112 unique genes: 79 protein-coding genes, 4 ribosomal RNA genes and 29 tRNA genes. By aligning the cp genome sequence with oil palm cDNA sequences, we observed 18 non-silent and 10 silent RNA editing events among 19 cp protein-coding genes. Creation of an initiation codon by RNA editing in rpl2 has been reported in several monocots and was also found in the oil palm cp genome. Fifty common chloroplast protein-coding genes from 33 plant taxa were used to construct ML and MP phylogenetic trees. Their topologies are similar and strongly support for the position of E. guineensis as the sister of closely related species Phoenix dactylifera in Arecaceae (palm families) of monocot subtrees.
油棕（Elaeis guineensis Jacq.）是一种经济上重要的作物，用于生产食用油。为了更好地理解油棕叶绿体的分子基础，我们对通过 454 焦磷酸测序获得的完整叶绿体（cp）基因组序列进行了特征描述。油棕 cp 基因组全长 156973bp，由一个长的单拷贝区（85192bp）组成，两侧为 27071bp 的反向重复序列，小的单拷贝区（17639bp）连接重复序列。该基因组包含 112 个独特的基因：79 个蛋白编码基因、4 个核糖体 RNA 基因和 29 个 tRNA 基因。通过将 cp 基因组序列与油棕 cDNA 序列进行比对，我们在 19 个 cp 蛋白编码基因中观察到 18 个非沉默和 10 个沉默的 RNA 编辑事件。在几个单子叶植物中发现了 RNA 编辑在 rpl2 中创建起始密码子的现象，在油棕 cp 基因组中也发现了这种现象。我们从 33 个植物类群中选择了 50 个常见的叶绿体蛋白编码基因，用于构建 ML 和 MP 系统发育树。它们的拓扑结构相似，强烈支持油棕在单子叶植物棕榈科（棕榈科）中与亲缘关系密切的物种枣椰（Phoenix dactylifera）的姐妹地位。
