MANILA Consulting Group, Inc., McLean, VA, USA.
Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2010 Dec;36(4):189-96. doi: 10.1363/3618910.
Integrating family planning services with other health services may be an effective way to reduce unmet need. However, greater understanding of the evidence on integration is needed.
Studies that evaluated the integration of family planning with any other type of health service were identified by searching five databases. To be included, studies had to have: been published in English between 1994 and 2009; used either a single-group pre- and posttest design or a two-group control or comparison design; and reported a family planning-related behavioral or reproductive health outcome.
Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. The integration interventions ranged from simple referrals between providers of existing services to fully integrated, community-based delivery of education and services. One evaluation used a quasi-experimental design; two used case-control comparison designs; two used combination designs; and the rest used either a single-group pre- and posttest design or a two-group cross-sectional design. Seven studies found improvements in family planning-related outcomes, although not all reported the significance of these changes; another reported mixed results and one found no effect. Of the studies that examined providers', clients' or community members' perspectives of integration, all reported overall satisfaction. No studies provided an economic analysis.
The evidence supporting the integration of family planning with other health services remains weak, and well-designed evaluation research is still needed. Future research should report outcomes for all health areas being integrated and should investigate in more detail the perspectives of providers, clients and community members and assess the cost-effectiveness of integration.
将计划生育服务与其他卫生服务相结合可能是减少未满足需求的有效方法。然而，我们需要更深入地了解有关整合的证据。
通过搜索五个数据库，确定了评估计划生育与任何其他类型卫生服务相结合的研究。纳入标准为：1994 年至 2009 年间用英文发表；采用单组前后测试设计或两组对照或比较设计；报告计划生育相关的行为或生殖健康结果。
符合纳入标准的研究有 9 项。整合干预措施范围从现有服务提供者之间的简单转介到完全整合的、以社区为基础的教育和服务提供。一项评估采用准实验设计；两项采用病例对照比较设计；两项采用组合设计；其余采用单组前后测试设计或两组横断面设计。有 7 项研究发现计划生育相关结果有所改善，但并非所有研究都报告了这些变化的显著性；另一项报告结果喜忧参半，一项则未发现效果。在评估整合的提供者、客户或社区成员的观点的研究中，所有研究都报告了总体满意度。没有研究提供经济分析。
支持计划生育与其他卫生服务相结合的证据仍然薄弱，仍需要进行精心设计的评估研究。未来的研究应该报告所有正在整合的卫生领域的结果，并更详细地调查提供者、客户和社区成员的观点，评估整合的成本效益。
