Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology & Preventive Oncology (ICMR), I-7, Sector - 39, Noida - 201 301, India.
BMC Cancer. 2011 Jan 20;11:27. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-27.
Two clinically relevant high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) types 16 and 18 are etiologically associated with the development of cervical carcinoma and are also reported to be present in many other carcinomas in extra-genital organ sites. Presence of HPV has been reported in breast carcinoma which is the second most common cancer in India and is showing a fast rising trend in urban population. The two early genes E6 and E7 of HPV type 16 have been shown to immortalize breast epithelial cells in vitro, but the role of HPV infection in breast carcinogenesis is highly controversial. Present study has therefore been undertaken to analyze the prevalence of HPV infection in both breast cancer tissues and blood samples from a large number of Indian women with breast cancer from different geographic regions.
The presence of all mucosal HPVs and the most common high-risk HPV types 16 and 18 DNA was detected by two different PCR methods - (i) conventional PCR assays using consensus primers (MY09/11, or GP5+/GP6+) or HPV16 E6/E7 primers and (ii) highly sensitive Real-Time PCR. A total of 228 biopsies and corresponding 142 blood samples collected prospectively from 252 patients from four different regions of India with significant socio-cultural, ethnic and demographic variations were tested.
All biopsies and blood samples of breast cancer patients tested by PCR methods did not show positivity for HPV DNA sequences in conventional PCRs either by MY09/11 or by GP5+/GP6+/HPV16 E6/E7 primers. Further testing of these samples by real time PCR also failed to detect HPV DNA sequences.
Lack of detection of HPV DNA either in the tumor or in the blood DNA of breast cancer patients by both conventional and real time PCR does not support a role of genital HPV in the pathogenesis of breast cancer in Indian women.
两种临床相关的高危型 HPV（HR-HPV）16 和 18 与宫颈癌的发展有关，也有报道称它们存在于许多其他生殖器官外部位的癌中。HPV 已在乳腺癌中被发现，乳腺癌是印度第二常见的癌症，且在城市人口中呈快速上升趋势。HPV 型 16 的两个早期基因 E6 和 E7 已被证明可使乳腺上皮细胞体外永生化，但 HPV 感染在乳腺癌发生中的作用存在很大争议。因此，本研究旨在分析来自印度不同地理区域的大量乳腺癌女性的乳腺癌组织和血液样本中 HPV 感染的流行情况。
采用两种不同的 PCR 方法检测所有黏膜型 HPV 以及最常见的高危型 HPV 16 和 18 型 DNA：（i）使用通用引物（MY09/11 或 GP5+/GP6+）或 HPV16 E6/E7 引物的传统 PCR 检测；（ii）高度敏感的实时 PCR。共检测了来自印度四个不同地区的 252 例患者的 228 份活检组织和 142 份相应的血液样本，这些地区具有显著的社会文化、种族和人口统计学差异。
通过 PCR 方法检测的所有乳腺癌患者的活检组织和血液样本均未在常规 PCR 中通过 MY09/11 或 GP5+/GP6+/HPV16 E6/E7 引物检测到 HPV DNA 序列的阳性。通过实时 PCR 进一步检测这些样本也未能检测到 HPV DNA 序列。
通过常规和实时 PCR 均未在乳腺癌患者的肿瘤或血液 DNA 中检测到 HPV DNA，这并不支持生殖 HPV 在印度女性乳腺癌发病机制中的作用。
