Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, 920 E. 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
J Virol. 2011 Apr;85(7):3415-23. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01768-10. Epub 2011 Jan 19.
Antiviral adaptive immune defenses consist of humoral and cell-mediated responses, which together eliminate extracellular and intracellular virus. As most retrovirus-infected individuals do not raise efficient protective antivirus immune responses, the relative importance of humoral and cell-mediated responses in restraining retroviral infection is not well understood. We utilized retrovirus-resistant I/LnJ mice, which control infection with mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) and murine leukemia virus (MuLV) via an adaptive immune mechanism, to assess the contribution of cellular responses and virus-neutralizing antibodies (Abs) to the control of retroviral infection. We found that in retrovirus-infected CD8-deficient I/LnJ mice, viral titers exceed the neutralizing capability of antiviral Abs, resulting in augmented virus spread and disease induction. Thus, even in the presence of robust neutralizing Ab responses, CD8-mediated responses are essential for full protection against retroviral infection.
抗病毒适应性免疫防御由体液和细胞介导的反应组成，共同消除细胞外和细胞内的病毒。由于大多数逆转录病毒感染个体不能产生有效的保护性抗病毒免疫反应，因此体液和细胞介导的反应在抑制逆转录病毒感染中的相对重要性尚不清楚。我们利用逆转录病毒抗性 I/LnJ 小鼠，该小鼠通过适应性免疫机制控制乳腺肿瘤病毒（MMTV）和鼠白血病病毒（MuLV）的感染，以评估细胞反应和中和抗体（Abs）对控制逆转录病毒感染的贡献。我们发现，在感染逆转录病毒的 CD8 缺陷型 I/LnJ 小鼠中，病毒滴度超过抗病毒 Abs 的中和能力，导致病毒传播和疾病诱导增加。因此，即使存在强大的中和 Ab 反应，CD8 介导的反应对于完全保护免受逆转录病毒感染也是必不可少的。
