Departments of Surgery & Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Virology Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, One Hospital Dr., Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2011 Feb;22(1):55-61. doi: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2010.12.001. Epub 2011 Jan 19.
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)-metabolizing enzymes regulate the level of bioactive sphingolipids that have curative potential. Recently, S1P-metabolizing enzymes such as sphingosine kinase 1 and S1P lyase were shown to regulate influenza virus replication and the virus-induced cytopathogenicity. The mechanism appeared to employ a JAK/STAT type I interferon signaling pathway that induces anti-viral status. Further, sphingosine analogs altered cytokine responses upon influenza virus infection. This article focuses on recent discoveries about the sphingolipid system that influences on host protection from viral virulence and the involvement of cytokine signaling in its underlying mechanisms. Deciphering the steps of this pathway could help us envision how the modulation of sphingolipid metabolism can be applied as a therapeutic approach to overcome infectious diseases.
鞘氨醇 1-磷酸（S1P）代谢酶调节具有治疗潜力的生物活性鞘脂的水平。最近，发现 S1P 代谢酶，如鞘氨醇激酶 1 和 S1P 裂解酶，可调节流感病毒复制和病毒诱导的细胞病变。该机制似乎采用 JAK/STAT Ⅰ型干扰素信号通路诱导抗病毒状态。此外，鞘氨醇类似物改变了流感病毒感染时细胞因子的反应。本文重点介绍了影响宿主对病毒毒力的保护的鞘脂系统的最新发现，以及细胞因子信号在其潜在机制中的参与。阐明该途径的步骤可以帮助我们设想如何调节鞘脂代谢作为克服传染病的治疗方法。
