US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 960 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605-2700, USA.
Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2011 Feb;10(2):261-79. doi: 10.1039/c0pp90037k. Epub 2011 Jan 20.
Solar UV radiation, climate and other drivers of global change are undergoing significant changes and models forecast that these changes will continue for the remainder of this century. Here we assess the effects of solar UV radiation on biogeochemical cycles and the interactions of these effects with climate change, including feedbacks on climate. Such interactions occur in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. While there is significant uncertainty in the quantification of these effects, they could accelerate the rate of atmospheric CO(2) increase and subsequent climate change beyond current predictions. The effects of predicted changes in climate and solar UV radiation on carbon cycling in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems are expected to vary significantly between regions. The balance of positive and negative effects on terrestrial carbon cycling remains uncertain, but the interactions between UV radiation and climate change are likely to contribute to decreasing sink strength in many oceanic regions. Interactions between climate and solar UV radiation will affect cycling of elements other than carbon, and so will influence the concentration of greenhouse and ozone-depleting gases. For example, increases in oxygen-deficient regions of the ocean caused by climate change are projected to enhance the emissions of nitrous oxide, an important greenhouse and ozone-depleting gas. Future changes in UV-induced transformations of aquatic and terrestrial contaminants could have both beneficial and adverse effects. Taken in total, it is clear that the future changes in UV radiation coupled with human-caused global change will have large impacts on biogeochemical cycles at local, regional and global scales.
太阳紫外线辐射、气候和其他全球变化驱动因素正在发生重大变化，模型预测这些变化将在本世纪剩余时间内持续下去。在这里，我们评估了太阳紫外线辐射对生物地球化学循环的影响，以及这些影响与气候变化的相互作用，包括对气候的反馈。这些相互作用发生在陆地和水生生态系统中。虽然这些影响的量化存在很大的不确定性，但它们可能会加速大气 CO2 增加的速度，并使气候变化超出当前预测。预计气候变化和太阳紫外线辐射预测变化对陆地和水生生态系统碳循环的影响在不同地区会有很大差异。陆地碳循环中正负影响的平衡仍然不确定，但紫外线辐射和气候变化之间的相互作用可能会导致许多海洋地区汇的强度下降。气候和太阳紫外线辐射之间的相互作用将影响除碳以外的其他元素的循环，从而影响温室气体和消耗臭氧气体的浓度。例如，气候变化引起的海洋缺氧区域增加预计将增强重要的温室气体和消耗臭氧气体一氧化二氮的排放。未来紫外线诱导的水生和陆地污染物转化的变化可能既有有益的影响，也有不利的影响。总的来说，很明显，未来紫外线辐射的变化加上人为引起的全球变化，将对地方、区域和全球各级的生物地球化学循环产生重大影响。
