Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Res Sports Med. 2011 Jan;19(1):53-65. doi: 10.1080/15438627.2011.536068.
The sirtuin family of proteins consists of seven members in mammals (SirT1-T7). Sirtuins share NAD dependency for their enzymatic activity, but some show NAD-dependent deacetylase activity, others exhibit ADP ribosyltransferase activity or both. Sirtuins have gained considerable attention due to their impact as physiological targets for treating diseases associated with aging. Sirtuins interact with metabolic pathways and may serve as entry points for drugs. This review discusses the biology of sirtuins and their potential as mediators of caloric restriction and pharmacological targets. Reduced insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and others are consequences of aging or secondary to physical inactivity. Moreover, understanding human energy metabolism through sirtuins may provide a novel approach to exercise physiology. Quercetin, a natural polyphenolic flavonoid that has been widely investigated for its other health benefits, may act as an inducer of SirT1. The benefits of quercetin for exercise performance may have implications for athletes and extended to disease prevention.
蛋白的 sirtuin 家族由哺乳动物中的 7 个成员组成（SirT1-T7）。Sirtuins 的酶活性依赖于 NAD，但有些显示 NAD 依赖性脱乙酰酶活性，其他则表现出 ADP 核糖基转移酶活性或两者兼有。Sirtuins 作为治疗与衰老相关疾病的生理靶点，引起了相当大的关注。Sirtuins 与代谢途径相互作用，可能作为药物的切入点。本文综述了 sirtuins 的生物学特性及其作为热量限制和药理学靶点的潜在作用。胰岛素敏感性降低、线粒体功能障碍等是衰老或体力活动不足的后果。此外，通过 sirtuins 了解人体能量代谢可能为运动生理学提供一种新方法。槲皮素是一种天然的多酚类黄酮，因其其他健康益处而被广泛研究，可能作为 SirT1 的诱导剂。槲皮素对运动表现的益处可能对运动员有影响，并扩展到疾病预防。
