Taylor H Gerry, Filipek Pauline A, Juranek Jenifer, Bangert Barbara, Minich Nori, Hack Maureen
Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
Dev Neuropsychol. 2011;36(1):96-117. doi: 10.1080/87565641.2011.540544.
The aims of this study were to examine abnormalities in brain structure in adolescents and young adults with very low birth weight (VLBW, <1,500 g) and associations of these abnormalities with neuropsychological outcomes. The sample of 108 participants from 14 to 19 years of age included 37 participants with <750 g birth weight, 35 with 750-1,499 g birth weight, and 36 normal birth weight (NBW) controls. One or both of the VLBW groups had smaller brain volumes, larger lateral ventricles, and a small surface area of the corpus callosum than the NBW controls. Group differences in white matter (WM) structures, subcortical gray matter (GM), and the cerebellum were found even when controlling for whole brain volume (WBV), and were most pronounced in the <750 g group. WM reductions in the two VLBW groups relative to NBW controls were associated with more pervasive cognitive deficits than were reductions in subcortical GM. Associations of cognitive outcomes with structural abnormalities remained when controlling for WBV or neonatal risks. The results are consistent with previous findings of residual brain abnormalities in adolescents and young adults with VLBW and provide new information on their cognitive correlates.
本研究的目的是检查极低出生体重（VLBW，<1500克）的青少年和青年的脑结构异常情况，以及这些异常与神经心理学结果之间的关联。108名年龄在14至19岁之间的参与者样本包括37名出生体重<750克的参与者、35名出生体重在750 - 1499克之间的参与者以及36名正常出生体重（NBW）的对照组。与NBW对照组相比，VLBW组中的一组或两组的脑容量较小、侧脑室较大且胼胝体表面积较小。即使在控制全脑体积（WBV）时，也发现了白质（WM）结构、皮质下灰质（GM）和小脑的组间差异，且在<750克组中最为明显。相对于NBW对照组，两个VLBW组的WM减少与比皮质下GM减少更普遍的认知缺陷相关。在控制WBV或新生儿风险时，认知结果与结构异常之间的关联仍然存在。这些结果与先前关于VLBW青少年和青年残留脑异常的研究结果一致，并提供了关于其认知相关性的新信息。
