Zorcec T, Pop-Jordanova N
University Children's Hospital, Skopje, R. Macedonia.
Prilozi. 2010;31(2):171-81.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD] is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity that affects from 3-5% of school-aged children. In some cases it may persist into adulthood. Prominent theories about ADHD suggest that inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity may be due to underlying deficits of the components of attention, including alerting, orienting and executive control. The aim of this study was to investigate neuropsychological characteristics of ADHD children, especially their executive functions [EFs]. The sample is comprised of 30 ADHD children from 6 to 14 years old [10, 45±22, 2], only boys, diagnosed at the department of psychophysiology, University Children's Hospital. The diagnosis was established according to ICD-10 criteria. All children had an IQ over 90 and were medication free. Psychological assessment of the children was performed with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children [WISC-IV] and ADD-H Comprehensive Parent Rating Scale [ASTeRS]. Neuropsychological assessment was performed with the Stroop test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test [WCST]. Results showed an average IQ, manifested symptoms of hyperactivity and executive dysfunction, confirmed by the Stroop test and WCST.
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种神经精神疾病，其特征为注意力不集中、多动和冲动，影响3%至5%的学龄儿童。在某些情况下，它可能会持续到成年期。关于ADHD的主要理论表明，注意力不集中、多动和冲动可能是由于注意力各组成部分的潜在缺陷所致，包括警觉、定向和执行控制。本研究的目的是调查ADHD儿童的神经心理学特征，尤其是他们的执行功能（EFs）。样本由30名6至14岁的ADHD儿童组成（10名，45±22.2岁），均为男孩，在大学儿童医院心理生理学科室确诊。诊断依据国际疾病分类第十版（ICD - 10）标准确定。所有儿童智商均超过90，且未服用药物。使用韦氏儿童智力量表（WISC - IV）和注意力缺陷多动障碍综合家长评定量表（ASTeRS）对儿童进行心理评估。使用斯特鲁普测试和威斯康星卡片分类测试（WCST）进行神经心理学评估。结果显示平均智商、多动症状和执行功能障碍，这由斯特鲁普测试和WCST证实。
