Department of Botany and Microbiology, Biocorrosion Center, Institute for Energy and Environment, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA.
Environ Microbiol. 2011 Apr;13(4):1078-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02413.x. Epub 2011 Jan 24.
The oil-water-gas environments of oil production facilities harbour abundant and diverse microbial communities that can participate in deleterious processes such as biocorrosion. Several molecular methods, including pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA libraries, were used to characterize the microbial communities from an oil production facility on the Alaskan North Slope. The communities in produced water and a sample from a 'pig envelope' were compared in order to identify specific populations or communities associated with biocorrosion. The 'pigs' are used for physical mitigation of pipeline corrosion and fouling and the samples are enriched in surface-associated solids (i.e. paraffins, minerals and biofilm) and coincidentally, microorganisms (over 10(5) -fold). Throughout the oil production facility, bacteria were more abundant (10- to 150-fold) than archaea, with thermophilic members of the phyla Firmicutes (Thermoanaerobacter and Thermacetogenium) and Synergistes (Thermovirga) dominating the community. However, the structure (relative abundances of taxa) of the microbial community in the pig envelope was distinct due to the increased relative abundances of the genera Thermacetogenium and Thermovirga. The data presented here suggest that bulk fluid is representative of the biofilm communities associated with biocorrosion but that certain populations are more abundant in biofilms, which should be the focus of monitoring and mitigation strategies.
采油设施的油水气环境中蕴藏着丰富多样的微生物群落，这些微生物可以参与生物腐蚀等有害过程。本研究采用包括 16S rRNA 文库焦磷酸测序在内的几种分子方法，对阿拉斯加北坡某采油设施中的微生物群落进行了表征。对采出水和“猪皮”样本中的微生物群落进行了比较，以确定与生物腐蚀相关的特定种群或群落。“猪皮”用于减轻管道腐蚀和结垢，而样本中富含表面附着的固体（即石蜡、矿物和生物膜）和微生物（超过 105 倍）。在整个采油设施中，细菌的丰度（10 到 150 倍）高于古菌，厚壁菌门（Thermoanaerobacter 和 Thermacetogenium）和互营杆菌门（Synergistes）的嗜热成员占优势。然而，由于 Thermacetogenium 和 Thermovirga 属的相对丰度增加，猪皮样本中的微生物群落结构（分类群的相对丰度）明显不同。本研究结果表明，整体流体可以代表与生物腐蚀相关的生物膜群落，但某些种群在生物膜中更为丰富，这应该成为监测和缓解策略的重点。
