Research Group on Reproduction and Toxicology of Aquatic Organisms (GRITOX), Aquaculture Institute, University of the Llanos, Km 4 vía Puerto López, Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2011 May;153(4):372-80. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2011.01.001. Epub 2011 Jan 22.
Adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to 0 (control), 0.16 or 0.48μg/L of the insecticide, endosulfan, for 28days. Haematology, whole body ions, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), Na(+)K(+)-ATPase, organ histology and reproduction were assessed in adults. The resulting offspring were examined for latent effects on development (heart rate and morphometrics). On day 14, adult fish exposed to 0.16μg/L endosulfan showed significantly lower red blood cell counts than those exposed to 0.48μg/L endosulfan; adult fish exposed to 0.16 ug/L also showed elevated TBARS compared to controls. Both concentrations of endosulfan caused a 4.0 fold increase in Na(+)K(+)-ATPase activity compared to controls (ANOVA, p<0.05). On day 14, the livers of fish exposed to endosulfan had fewer, enlarged hepatocytes, with cell diameters greater than the controls (ANOVA, p<0.05). Morphological alterations in the progeny of fish exposed to endosulfan were observed. Heart beat frequency was significantly lower in larvae from exposed adults to 0.16 μg/L compared to the control (ANOVA, p<0.05). These findings show that sublethal exposure to endosulfan causes adverse sublethal effects in adult D. rerio, and effects on the development of their offspring.
成年斑马鱼（Danio rerio）暴露于 0（对照）、0.16 或 0.48μg/L 的杀虫剂硫丹中 28 天。评估成年斑马鱼的血液学、全身离子、硫代巴比妥酸反应物质（TBARS）、Na(+)K(+)-ATP 酶、器官组织学和繁殖情况。检查成年鱼后代的发育（心率和形态计量学）的潜在影响。在第 14 天，暴露于 0.16μg/L 硫丹的成年鱼的红细胞计数明显低于暴露于 0.48μg/L 硫丹的成年鱼；暴露于 0.16μg/L 硫丹的成年鱼的 TBARS 水平也高于对照组。与对照组相比，两种浓度的硫丹均使 Na(+)K(+)-ATP 酶活性增加了 4.0 倍（ANOVA，p<0.05）。在第 14 天，暴露于硫丹的鱼的肝脏中肝细胞数量减少，体积增大，细胞直径大于对照组（ANOVA，p<0.05）。暴露于硫丹的鱼的后代出现形态学改变。暴露于 0.16μg/L 硫丹的成年鱼的后代的心率明显低于对照组（ANOVA，p<0.05）。这些发现表明，亚致死浓度的硫丹暴露会对成年斑马鱼造成不利的亚致死影响，并对其后代的发育产生影响。
