The Generation R Study Group (Room Ae-012), Erasmus Medical Centre, CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Br J Nutr. 2011 Mar;105(6):938-49. doi: 10.1017/S0007114510004460. Epub 2011 Jan 26.
Maternal fish consumption during pregnancy has been suggested to affect birth outcomes. Previous studies mainly focused on birth outcomes and did not study fetal growth during pregnancy. In a prospective cohort study from early pregnancy onwards in The Netherlands, we assessed the associations of first-trimester maternal total-fish, lean-fish, fatty-fish and shellfish consumption with fetal growth characteristics in the second and third trimesters, growth characteristics at birth and the risks of neonatal complications, including pre-term birth, low birth weight and small for gestational age. In total, 3380 mothers completed a 293-item semi-quantitative FFQ to obtain information about fish consumption during the first trimester of pregnancy. Head circumference, femur length and fetal weight were estimated in the second and third trimesters by ultrasound. Information about birth anthropometrics and neonatal complications was available from hospital and midwife registries. Maternal older age, higher educational level, folic acid supplement use, alcohol use and not smoking were associated with higher fish consumption (P < 0·01). After adjustment, we observed no consistent associations of maternal total-fish consumption or specific consumption of lean fish, fatty fish or shellfish with fetal growth characteristics in the second and third trimesters and at birth. Likewise, total-fish consumption or specific consumption of any type of fish was not consistently associated with the risks of neonatal complications. These findings suggest that in a population with a relatively low fish intake, consumption of lean fish, fatty fish or shellfish in the first trimester is not associated with fetal growth or the risks of neonatal complications.
孕期母体鱼类摄入与出生结局有关。既往研究主要集中于出生结局，而并未研究孕期胎儿生长情况。本研究采用前瞻性队列研究，自孕早期开始随访荷兰女性，评估孕早期母体总鱼、白肉鱼、高脂鱼和贝类摄入与孕中晚期胎儿生长特征、出生时生长特征及新生儿并发症风险（包括早产、低出生体重和小于胎龄儿）的相关性。共 3380 名母亲完成了 293 项半定量食物频率问卷，以获取孕早期鱼类摄入信息。通过超声评估孕中晚期胎儿头围、股骨长和胎儿体重。通过医院和助产士登记处获取出生人体测量学和新生儿并发症信息。母亲年龄较大、受教育程度较高、服用叶酸补充剂、饮酒和不吸烟与鱼类摄入较高有关（P<0·01）。校正混杂因素后，我们发现母体总鱼摄入或白肉鱼、高脂鱼和贝类的特定摄入与孕中晚期和出生时的胎儿生长特征均无一致相关性。同样，总鱼摄入或任何类型鱼类的特定摄入与新生儿并发症风险也无一致相关性。这些发现提示，在鱼类摄入相对较低的人群中，孕早期白肉鱼、高脂鱼或贝类的摄入与胎儿生长或新生儿并发症风险无关。
