Department of Psychology, Texas Tech University, MS 2051, Lubbock, TX 79409-2051, USA.
Exp Brain Res. 2011 Mar;209(2):215-24. doi: 10.1007/s00221-011-2537-y. Epub 2011 Jan 26.
When a moving featureless contour is viewed through a stationary circular aperture that occludes the contour's endpoints and the contour moves in a direction non-parallel to its orientation, observers report the contour's direction of motion as perpendicular to the contour's orientation regardless of its actual direction. In typical studies of this aperture effect on motion perception, observers made perceptual judgments of the line's motion. The aperture effect was not measured when observers actively controlled the line's motion. In addition, effects of attentional load on the aperture effect were not measured. Here, we demonstrated that attentional load influenced the aperture effect. Active control reduced the aperture effect, but did not eliminate it. Results have theoretical implications for motion perception and practical implications for the design of technologies that limit an observer's field-of-view such as surgical cameras.
当一个无特征的移动轮廓通过一个固定的圆形孔径观察，该孔径遮挡了轮廓的端点，并且轮廓以不平行于其方向的方向移动时，观察者报告轮廓的运动方向垂直于轮廓的方向，而不管其实际方向如何。在典型的关于运动感知的孔径效应研究中，观察者对线条的运动进行了知觉判断。当观察者主动控制线条的运动时，没有测量孔径效应。此外，也没有测量注意力负荷对孔径效应的影响。在这里，我们证明了注意力负荷会影响孔径效应。主动控制减小了孔径效应，但并没有消除它。研究结果对运动感知具有理论意义，对限制观察者视野的技术（如手术摄像机）的设计具有实际意义。
