Hecht H
NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000.
Psychol Res. 1995;57(2):70-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00447077.
Extended objects presented instantaneously appeared to propagate or grow into their final shape. A strong bias was found toward perceiving straight lines to grow away from the observer's point of fixation. If attention and fixation were not directed to the same point of the visual field, both influenced illusory motion directionality, and if another small object was present on the screen at a location that was neither fixated nor attended to, the object that was instantaneously presented seemed to grow away from this point. Thus, three factors are involved in illusory-motion directionality: biases toward perceiving objects spreading away from the fixation point, away from an attended area, and away from preexisting objects. The experiments indicate that a satisfactory explanation of the illusion has to include bottom-up and top-down processes. They also challenge existing theories of motion detection.
瞬间呈现的扩展物体似乎会传播或生长成它们的最终形状。人们发现存在一种强烈的偏向，即倾向于感知直线从观察者的注视点向外生长。如果注意力和注视没有指向视野中的同一点，两者都会影响错觉运动的方向性，并且如果屏幕上在既未被注视也未被关注的位置出现另一个小物体，瞬间呈现的物体似乎会从这一点向外生长。因此，错觉运动方向性涉及三个因素：倾向于感知物体从注视点、从被关注区域以及从已存在的物体向外扩散。实验表明，要令人满意地解释这种错觉，必须包括自下而上和自上而下的过程。它们还对现有的运动检测理论提出了挑战。
