Walters John Brandon, Montagnini Marcos
Hospice of the Western Reserve, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
J Opioid Manag. 2010 Nov-Dec;6(6):435-44. doi: 10.5055/jom.2010.0042.
Patients with chronic pain on daily opioid therapy are frequently burdened with symptoms of constipation. Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) contributes to an overall negative impact on the quality of life and may result in poor pain management outcomes. Laxative agents are crucial in opioid-related pain management. Following a careful assessment, a stepwise approach to OIC may provide comfort and relief to patients. This article reviews the pathophysiology, assessment, and pharmacological treatment of OIC. Novel approaches for OIC such as the peripheral opioid receptor antagonists and selective serotonin antagonists are also discussed.
接受每日阿片类药物治疗的慢性疼痛患者经常受到便秘症状的困扰。阿片类药物引起的便秘（OIC）对生活质量产生总体负面影响，并可能导致疼痛管理效果不佳。泻药在阿片类药物相关的疼痛管理中至关重要。经过仔细评估后，采用逐步方法治疗OIC可为患者提供舒适感和缓解。本文综述了OIC的病理生理学、评估和药物治疗。还讨论了OIC的新方法，如外周阿片受体拮抗剂和选择性5-羟色胺拮抗剂。
