Carnevale Teresa
Medical University of South Carolina, SC, USA.
J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs. 2011 Feb;24(1):51-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6171.2010.00256.x. Epub 2010 Dec 13.
Major depression is a significant yet underdiagnosed problem of adolescence. The consequences of undiagnosed and untreated depression in this vulnerable population can have detrimental effects. School nurses are in a prime position to perform early screening and referral. However, the school environment requires special consideration as the setting for screening of adolescent depression.
The purpose of this paper is to identify instruments that can be utilized by the school nurse to perform easily administered, rapid adolescent depression screenings that are valid, reliable, and economical.
An integrative review of current depression instruments used in adolescents was conducted.
Of the seven most commonly used instruments, only four of those fit the criteria listed for conducting screening in the school setting by the school nurse. The four instruments include the Beck Depression Inventory-Youth (BDI-Y), the Children's Depression Inventory, the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale for Children, and the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale.
Although all four of the identified instruments provide reliability and validity in the school setting, it is the other criteria: affordability, ease of administration, and the ability of the instrument to be rapidly scored, that placed the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale for Children and the BDI-Y as the reasonable choice of instruments for use by the school nurse.
重度抑郁症是青少年中一个严重但未得到充分诊断的问题。在这个脆弱群体中，未被诊断和治疗的抑郁症后果可能具有有害影响。学校护士处于进行早期筛查和转诊的有利位置。然而，学校环境作为青少年抑郁症筛查的场所需要特别考虑。
本文的目的是确定学校护士可用于进行易于实施、快速的青少年抑郁症筛查的工具，这些筛查工具应有效、可靠且经济。
对当前用于青少年的抑郁症工具进行了综合综述。
在七种最常用的工具中，只有四种符合学校护士在学校环境中进行筛查所列的标准。这四种工具包括贝克青少年抑郁量表（BDI-Y）、儿童抑郁量表、流行病学研究中心儿童抑郁量表和雷诺兹青少年抑郁量表。
虽然所确定的所有四种工具在学校环境中都具有可靠性和有效性，但正是其他标准：可承受性、易于实施以及工具能够快速评分，使得流行病学研究中心儿童抑郁量表和BDI-Y成为学校护士使用工具的合理选择。
