MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
Exp Cell Res. 2011 Mar 10;317(5):556-68. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2011.01.012. Epub 2011 Jan 25.
Atypical chemokine receptors (ACRs) are cell surface receptors with seven transmembrane domains structurally homologous to chemokine G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). However, upon ligation by cognate chemokines, ACRs fail to induce classical signaling and downstream cellular responses characteristic for GPCRs. Despite this, by affecting chemokine availability and function, ACRs impact on a multitude of pathophysiological events and have emerged as important molecular players in health and disease. This review discusses individual characteristics of the currently known ACRs, highlights their similarities and differences and attempts to establish their group identity. It summarizes the progress made in mapping ACR expression, understanding their diverse in vitro and in vivo functions of ACRs and uncovering their contributions to disease pathogeneses.
非典型趋化因子受体（ACRs）是细胞表面受体，具有与趋化因子 G 蛋白偶联受体（GPCRs）结构同源的七个跨膜结构域。然而，与同源趋化因子结合后，ACRs 不能诱导 GPCRs 所具有的经典信号转导和下游细胞反应。尽管如此，通过影响趋化因子的可用性和功能，ACRs 影响多种病理生理事件，并已成为健康和疾病中的重要分子参与者。这篇综述讨论了目前已知的 ACR 的个体特征，强调了它们的相似性和差异，并试图确定它们的群体特征。它总结了在绘制 ACR 表达图谱、理解它们在体外和体内的多种功能以及揭示它们对疾病发病机制的贡献方面所取得的进展。
