Meyer Roger A, Bagheri Shahrokh C
Maxillofacial Consultants Ltd., 1021 Holt's Ferry, Greensboro, GA 30642, USA.
Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2011 Mar;19(1):63-78. doi: 10.1016/j.cxom.2010.11.009.
Injuries to peripheral branches (IAN, LN, LBN) of the trigeminal nerve during the removal of M3s are known and accepted risks in oral and maxillofacial surgery practice. These risks might be reduced by modifications of evaluation or surgical techniques, depending on the surgeon's judgment in individual patients. If a nerve injury does occur, prompt recognition, subjective and objective evaluation,and development of a treatment plan, if the sensory deficit fails to resolve in a reasonable period and is unacceptable to the patient, give the patient the best chance of achieving improvement or recovery of sensory function in the distribution of the injured nerve. Microneurosurgery may produce return of useful sensory function or complete sensory recovery, if done in a timely fashion by an experienced microsurgeon, in greater than 80% of patients who sustain nerve injuries during the removal of M3s.
在拔除下颌第三磨牙（M3）过程中，三叉神经周围分支（下牙槽神经、舌神经、颊神经）损伤是口腔颌面外科手术中已知且可接受的风险。根据外科医生对个体患者的判断，可通过改进评估或手术技术来降低这些风险。如果确实发生神经损伤，应及时识别、进行主观和客观评估，并制定治疗方案。若感觉功能缺损在合理时间内未恢复且患者无法接受，应给予患者最大机会改善或恢复受损神经分布区域的感觉功能。如果由经验丰富的显微外科医生及时进行显微神经外科手术，超过80%在拔除M3过程中发生神经损伤的患者可能恢复有用的感觉功能或实现感觉完全恢复。
