Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Unit of Personality, Work and Health Psychology, University of Helsinki, Heksinki, Finland.
J Occup Health Psychol. 2011 Jan;16(1):139-50. doi: 10.1037/a0021752.
Evidence of the association between job strain, that is, a combination of high psychological demands and low job control, and markers of atherosclerosis is mixed, but few studies with repeat measures are available. The purpose of this study was to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between job strain and atherosclerosis. The participants were 335 men and 374 women from the prospective Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study (mean age 38.5 years). Two sequential measurements of job strain and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) were analyzed. No cross-sectional or longitudinal association between job strain and IMT was observed in women. In men, a cross-sectional association was found in 2001, but not in 2007. No dose-response effect was visible, nor a simple association between progression of job strain and progression of IMT. Instead, a more complex pattern of correlation was found in men with large decreases in job strain being associated with slower progression of IMT and combined decreases in job control and demands (a change toward passive jobs) being associated with greater IMT progression. These data suggest that temporal changes in job demands and control are associated with IMT in men via multiple mechanisms.
工作压力（即高心理需求和低工作控制的组合）与动脉粥样硬化标志物之间的关联证据尚不一致，但可用的重复测量研究较少。本研究旨在探讨工作压力与动脉粥样硬化之间的横断面和纵向关联。参与者为前瞻性心血管风险在年轻芬兰人中的 335 名男性和 374 名女性（平均年龄 38.5 岁）。分析了工作压力和颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）的两次连续测量结果。在女性中，未观察到工作压力与 IMT 之间存在横断面或纵向关联。在男性中，2001 年存在横断面关联，但 2007 年不存在。未发现剂量-反应效应，也未发现工作压力进展与 IMT 进展之间存在简单关联。相反，在男性中发现了更复杂的相关模式，工作压力的大幅下降与 IMT 进展较慢相关，而工作控制和需求的综合下降（向被动工作的转变）与 IMT 进展较快相关。这些数据表明，男性的工作需求和控制的时间变化通过多种机制与 IMT 相关。
