11 只羊驼（Vicugna pacos）膈肌瘫痪的神经原因。
Neurological causes of diaphragmatic paralysis in 11 alpacas (Vicugna pacos).
机构信息
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
出版信息
J Vet Intern Med. 2011 Mar-Apr;25(2):380-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2010.0661.x. Epub 2011 Jan 31.
BACKGROUND
Diaphragmatic paralysis is a relatively uncommon medical condition in animals not reported in alpacas.
OBJECTIVES
Describe the signalment, physical examination, diagnostic testing, clinical, and histopathologic findings related to diaphragmatic paralysis in alpacas.
ANIMALS
Eleven alpacas with spontaneous diaphragmatic paralysis.
METHODS
A retrospective study examined medical records from a 10-year period and identified 11 alpacas with confirmed diaphragmatic paralysis admitted to Washington State University and Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospitals between September 2003 and October 2009.
RESULTS
The 11 alpacas ranged in age from 2 to 12 months. Fluoroscopic imaging confirmed the presence of bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis in the 7 alpacas that were imaged. Arterial blood gas analyses showed hypercapnea, hypoxemia, and low oxygen saturation. Seven alpacas died or were euthanized between 2 and 60 days after onset of respiratory signs. Histopathologic examination of tissues found phrenic nerve degeneration in the 6 alpacas that were necropsied and additional long nerves examined demonstrated degeneration in 2 of these animals. Two animals had spinal cord lesions and 2 had diaphragm muscle abnormalities. No etiologic agent was identified in the alpacas.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
The etiology for diaphragmatic paralysis in these alpacas is unknown. A variety of medical treatments did not appear to alter the outcome.
背景
膈神经麻痹在动物中是一种相对罕见的医学病症，在羊驼中尚未有报道。
目的
描述与羊驼膈神经麻痹相关的一般情况、体格检查、诊断检测、临床和组织病理学发现。
动物
11 只患有自发性膈神经麻痹的羊驼。
方法
回顾性研究检查了来自 10 年期间的病历，并在 2003 年 9 月至 2009 年 10 月期间，从华盛顿州立大学和科罗拉多州立大学兽医教学医院确定了 11 只被确诊患有膈神经麻痹的羊驼。
结果
这 11 只羊驼的年龄在 2 至 12 个月之间。荧光镜检查证实了 7 只接受成像的羊驼存在双侧膈神经麻痹。动脉血气分析显示高碳酸血症、低氧血症和低氧饱和度。在出现呼吸症状后 2 至 60 天之间，7 只羊驼死亡或被安乐死。对 6 只进行尸检的羊驼的组织进行组织病理学检查发现了膈神经退行性变，另外 2 只接受检查的长神经也表现出退行性变。2 只动物有脊髓病变，2 只动物有膈肌肌肉异常。在这些羊驼中未发现病因。
结论和临床意义
这些羊驼发生膈神经麻痹的病因尚不清楚。各种医疗治疗似乎并未改变预后。
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