Department of Pediatrics and Comer Children's Hospital, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
Pediatr Pulmonol. 2011 Jun;46(6):581-6. doi: 10.1002/ppul.21408. Epub 2011 Jan 31.
Snoring and sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) are frequent pediatric conditions. Although allergies and respiratory viruses have been pathophysiologically implicated in these conditions, their seasonal distribution has not been examined.
The records of all children participating in a prospective, cross-sectional community-based research study that included a questionnaire on snoring frequency and loudness and an overnight sleep study were retrospectively assessed for seasonal patterns based on the day the children were evaluated.
A total of 1,051 children were included with a mean age of 7 years. There were no seasonal differences in the number of children evaluated or in their demographic characteristics. However, the odds of increased snoring frequency and loudness were significantly higher in spring and summer and lowest in fall (P < 0.001). However, the mean AHI was highest and the nadir SaO(2) was lowest in winter and spring compared to summer and fall (P < 0.001 and P < 0.03, respectively).
Snoring and the severity of SDB exhibit distinct and essentially non-overlapping patterns of seasonal variation, with peaks in spring-summer for snoring and peaks in winter-spring for SDB severity. These findings suggest that both seasonal viral and allergen burdens may contribute to SDB severity and may prompt differing clinical referral patterns throughout the year.
打鼾和睡眠呼吸紊乱（SDB）是常见的儿科疾病。尽管过敏和呼吸道病毒在病理生理学上与这些疾病有关，但它们的季节性分布尚未得到检查。
对所有参与前瞻性、横断面社区基础研究的儿童的记录进行了回顾性评估，该研究包括打鼾频率和响度的问卷以及一夜睡眠研究，并根据评估儿童的日期确定了季节性模式。
共纳入 1051 名儿童，平均年龄为 7 岁。接受评估的儿童人数及其人口统计学特征在各季节之间没有差异。然而，打鼾频率和响度增加的几率在春季和夏季显著较高，在秋季最低（P<0.001）。然而，与夏季和秋季相比，冬季和春季的平均 AHI 最高，SaO（2）最低（P<0.001 和 P<0.03）。
打鼾和 SDB 的严重程度表现出明显且基本不重叠的季节性变化模式，打鼾的高峰期在春季-夏季，SDB 严重程度的高峰期在冬季-春季。这些发现表明，季节性病毒和过敏原负担都可能导致 SDB 严重程度，并可能导致全年不同的临床转诊模式。
