Emergency Department, Austin Hospital, Victoria Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Emerg Med Australas. 2011 Feb;23(1):39-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-6723.2010.01372.x.
To examine patterns of, and attitudes to, sick leave taken by ED and other hospital staff and to compare ED doctor and nurse psychosocial work conditions.
This was an observational study in a tertiary referral ED. An audit of sick leave taken over a 2-year period (2007-2008) by all ED, general medicine (GM) and pharmacy pay groups was undertaken. This was followed by a cross-sectional survey of ED staff. It evaluated attitudes towards sick leave and used the Karasek's Job Content Questionnaire to assess psychosocial work conditions.
Overall, sick leave taken by the various staff groups differed significantly (P < 0.01). The ED and GM nurse rates (6.0% and 5.9%, respectively) were approximately twice that of pharmacists (3.3%) and ED allied health staff (3.1%) and more than three times that of all doctor groups (range 1.3-1.9%). ED registrars and nurses tended to take more leave on Monday/Tuesday and Thursday/Friday, respectively. These groups also tended to take more leave in winter/early summer and autumn/spring, respectively. In total, 147 (93.0%, 95% CI 87.6-96.0) ED staff rarely/never took sick leave without being sick. However, 15 (9.5%, 95% CI 5.6-15.5) often/very often took sick leave because of work stress. Compared with ED nurses, ED doctors had significantly more job insecurity and supervisor support but less psychological job demand (P < 0.05).
Emergency department staff generally report healthy psychosocial work conditions. However, the high rate of ED nurse sick leave might be related to their considerable psychological job demand and perceived lack of supervisor support.
调查急诊科（ED）和其他医院工作人员请病假的模式和态度，并比较 ED 医生和护士的心理社会工作条件。
这是一项在三级转诊 ED 进行的观察性研究。对所有 ED、普通内科（GM）和药剂科薪酬组在两年（2007-2008 年）期间请病假的情况进行了审计。随后对 ED 工作人员进行了横断面调查。它评估了对病假的态度，并使用了 Karasek 的工作内容问卷来评估心理社会工作条件。
总体而言，各员工群体请病假的情况存在显著差异（P < 0.01）。ED 和 GM 护士的比例（分别为 6.0%和 5.9%）约为药剂师（3.3%）和 ED 辅助医疗人员（3.1%）的两倍，是所有医生群体（1.3-1.9%）的三倍多。ED 住院医师和护士分别倾向于在周一/周二和周四/周五请更多的假。这些群体也分别倾向于在冬/初夏和秋/春请更多的假。共有 147 名（93.0%，95%CI 87.6-96.0）ED 工作人员很少/从未在没有生病的情况下请病假。然而，有 15 人（9.5%，95%CI 5.6-15.5）经常/非常频繁地因工作压力而请病假。与 ED 护士相比，ED 医生的工作不安全感和主管支持明显更多，但心理工作需求明显更少（P < 0.05）。
ED 工作人员的心理社会工作条件总体上较为健康。然而，ED 护士高比例的病假可能与他们相当大的心理工作需求和感知到的主管支持不足有关。
