Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China,
Theor Appl Genet. 2011 May;122(7):1305-20. doi: 10.1007/s00122-011-1532-9. Epub 2011 Feb 1.
Huangzaosi, Qi319, and Ye478 are foundation inbred lines widely used in maize breeding in China. To elucidate genetic base of yield components and kernel-related traits in these elite lines, two F(2:3) populations derived from crosses Qi319 × Huangzaosi (Q/H, 230 families) and Ye478 × Huangzaosi (Y/H, 235 families), as well as their parents were evaluated in six environments including Henan, Beijing, and Xinjiang in 2007 and 2008. Correlation and hypergeometric probability function analyses showed the dependence of yield components on kernel-related traits. Three mapping procedures were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for each population: (1) analysis for each of the six environments, (2) joint analysis for each of the three locations across 2 years, and (3) joint analysis across all environments. For the eight traits measured, 90, 89, and 58 QTL for Q/H, and 72, 76, and 51 QTL for Y/H were detected by the three QTL mapping procedures, respectively. About 70% of the QTL from Q/H and 90% of the QTL from Y/H did not show significant QTL × environment interactions in the joint analysis across all environments. Most of the QTL for kernel traits exhibited high stability across 2 years at the same location, even across different locations. Seven major QTL detected under at least four environments were identified on chromosomes 1, 4, 6, 7, 9, and 10 in the populations. Moreover, QTL on chr. 1, chr. 4, and chr. 9 were detected in both populations. These chromosomal regions could be targets for marker-assisted selection, fine mapping, and map-based cloning in maize.
黄早四、齐 319 和掖 478 是中国玉米育种中广泛应用的基础自交系。为了阐明这些优良自交系产量构成因素和籽粒相关性状的遗传基础，本研究利用 2007 年和 2008 年在河南、北京和新疆 6 个环境下种植的齐 319×黄早四（Q/H，230 个家系）和掖 478×黄早四（Y/H，235 个家系）的两个 F(2:3)群体及其亲本，通过相关和超几何概率函数分析，对产量构成因素与籽粒相关性状的遗传基础进行了研究。采用 3 种作图程序对每个群体的每个性状进行了 QTL 定位分析：（1）6 个环境下的分析；（2）2 年 3 个地点的联合分析；（3）所有环境的联合分析。在这 8 个性状中，Q/H 和 Y/H 的 3 种 QTL 作图程序分别检测到 90、89 和 58 个 QTL 以及 72、76 和 51 个 QTL。在所有环境的联合分析中，Q/H 和 Y/H 的大多数 QTL 没有表现出显著的 QTL×环境互作。在同一地点 2 年的大多数籽粒性状 QTL 表现出较高的稳定性，甚至在不同地点也表现出较高的稳定性。在这两个群体中，至少在 4 个环境中检测到 7 个主要 QTL，分别位于染色体 1、4、6、7、9 和 10 上。此外，在两个群体中均检测到位于染色体 1、4 和 9 上的 QTL。这些染色体区域可以作为玉米标记辅助选择、精细定位和基于图谱的克隆的目标。
