Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Superior Street, Lurie 3-250, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2011 Mar;30(1):45-60. doi: 10.1007/s10555-011-9286-z.
Mast cells (MC) are a bone marrow-derived, long-lived, heterogeneous cellular population that function both as positive and negative regulators of immune responses. They are arguably the most productive chemical factory in the body and influence other cells through both soluble mediators and cell-to-cell interaction. MC are commonly seen in various tumors and have been attributed alternatively with tumor rejection or tumor promotion. Tumor-infiltrating MC are derived both from sentinel and recruited progenitor cells. MC can directly influence tumor cell proliferation and invasion but also help tumors indirectly by organizing its microenvironment and modulating immune responses to tumor cells. Best known for orchestrating inflammation and angiogenesis, the role of MC in shaping adaptive immune responses has become a focus of recent investigations. MC mobilize T cells and antigen-presenting dendritic cells. They function as intermediaries in regulatory T cells (Treg)-induced tolerance but can also modify or reverse Treg-suppressive properties. The central role of MC in the control of innate and adaptive immunity endows them with the ability to tune the nature of host responses to cancer and ultimately influence the outcome of disease and fate of the cancer patient.
肥大细胞（MC）是一种骨髓来源的、长寿的、异质性细胞群体，作为免疫反应的正向和负向调节剂发挥作用。它们可以说是体内最具生产力的化学工厂，通过可溶性介质和细胞间相互作用来影响其他细胞。MC 常见于各种肿瘤中，它们被认为具有肿瘤排斥或促进肿瘤的双重作用。浸润肿瘤的 MC 来源于哨兵和募集的祖细胞。MC 可以直接影响肿瘤细胞的增殖和侵袭，也可以通过组织肿瘤微环境和调节对肿瘤细胞的免疫反应来间接地帮助肿瘤。MC 以调控炎症和血管生成而闻名，其在塑造适应性免疫反应中的作用已成为最近研究的焦点。MC 动员 T 细胞和抗原呈递树突状细胞。它们在调节性 T 细胞（Treg）诱导的耐受中发挥中介作用，但也可以修饰或逆转 Treg 的抑制特性。MC 在固有和适应性免疫控制中的核心作用使它们能够调节宿主对癌症的反应性质，并最终影响疾病的结果和癌症患者的命运。
