Swanson Michael J, Plominski Katherine, Moreno Megan A
Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA.
WMJ. 2010 Dec;109(6):322-5.
Alcohol consumption by Wisconsin college students is associated with both morbidity and mortality; underage bar access is a significant contributor to this problem. This two-part study will review strategies used by the city of Madison to reduce underage drinking in bars and will introduce pilot data exploring bartenders as potential partners in prevention.
First, data and strategies from the City of Madison Office of the Mayor regarding underage drinking were reviewed. Second, a convenience sample of 15 employed bartenders completed a one-on-one interview. Questions explored bartenders' views regarding identifying and serving underage patrons. Data were collected via written notes and analyzed by all authors to obtain thematic consensus.
Current Madison underage drinking prevention efforts focus on enforcement, alcohol establishment licensing and bartender training. Citation data suggests prevention efforts have decreased individual and increased bar citations. Bartender interview data revealed 3 major themes: (1) Bartenders felt they could identify underage patrons; (2) Bartenders were not concerned with legal or employment ramifications regarding serving an underage patron; (3) Bartenders described barriers to participation in prevention.
Additional opportunities for prevention efforts exist. Further research should consider strategies to change local policies, modify bartenders' work environments, and establish motivators for bartender prevention participation.
威斯康星州大学生饮酒与发病率和死亡率都有关联；未成年人进入酒吧是这一问题的一个重要促成因素。这项分为两部分的研究将回顾麦迪逊市为减少酒吧内未成年人饮酒所采用的策略，并将介绍探索酒保作为预防潜在合作伙伴的试点数据。
首先，回顾了麦迪逊市市长办公室关于未成年人饮酒的数据和策略。其次，对15名在职酒保进行便利抽样，完成一对一访谈。问题探讨了酒保对识别和服务未成年顾客的看法。通过书面记录收集数据，并由所有作者进行分析以达成主题共识。
麦迪逊市目前预防未成年人饮酒的工作重点是执法、酒类经营场所许可和酒保培训。传票数据表明预防工作减少了个人传票并增加了酒吧传票。酒保访谈数据揭示了3个主要主题：（1）酒保认为他们能够识别未成年顾客；（2）酒保不担心为未成年顾客服务会带来的法律或就业影响；（3）酒保描述了参与预防的障碍。
存在更多预防工作的机会。进一步的研究应考虑改变地方政策、改善酒保工作环境以及建立促使酒保参与预防工作的激励措施的策略。
