Arnhold Institute of Global Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1257, New York, NY, 10029-6574, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Psychiatr Q. 2018 Dec;89(4):801-815. doi: 10.1007/s11126-018-9577-4.
Harmful alcohol use encompasses a spectrum of habits, including heavy episodic drinking (HED) which increases the risk of acute alcohol-related harms. The prevalence of HED in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (SVG) is 5.7% among the overall population aged 15 years and older and 10.2% among drinkers. Responsible Beverage Service interventions train alcohol servers to limit levels of intoxication attained by customers and decrease acute alcohol-related harms. The objectives of this study were to determine bar tenders' and rum shopkeepers' knowledge of and attitudes toward problem drinking and willingness to participate in server training. Researchers used convenience and purposive sampling to recruit 30 participants from Barraouile, Kingstown, and Calliaqua to participate in semi-structured interviews designed to explore study objectives. Results and conclusions were derived from grounded theory analysis. Heavy episodic drinking is common but not stigmatized. Heavy drinking is considered a "problem" if the customer attains a level of disinhibition causing drunken and disruptive or injurious behavior. Bartenders and rum shopkeepers reported intervening with visibly intoxicated patrons and encouraging cessation of continued alcohol consumption. Participants cited economic incentives, prevention of alcohol-related harms, and personal morals as motivators to prevent drunkenness. Respondents acknowledged that encouraging responsible drinking was a legitimate part of their role and were favorable to server training. However, there were mixed opinions about the intervention's perceived efficacy given absent community-wide standards on preventing intoxication and limitations of existing alcohol policy. Given respondents' motivation and lack of standardized alcohol server training in SVG, mandated server training can be an effective strategy when promoted as one piece of a multi-component alcohol policy.
有害饮酒行为包括一系列习惯，包括重度间歇性饮酒（HED），这会增加急性酒精相关伤害的风险。圣文森特和格林纳丁斯（SVG）15 岁及以上总人口中 HED 的流行率为 5.7%，饮酒者中为 10.2%。负责任的饮料服务干预措施培训酒类服务员限制顾客醉酒程度，减少急性酒精相关伤害。这项研究的目的是确定酒吧服务员和朗姆酒店主对酗酒问题的了解、态度以及他们参与服务员培训的意愿。研究人员使用便利抽样和目的性抽样，从 Barraouile、Kingstown 和 Calliaqua 招募了 30 名参与者，进行半结构化访谈，以探讨研究目标。结果和结论来自扎根理论分析。重度间歇性饮酒很常见，但不会被污名化。如果顾客达到一种抑制力丧失的程度，导致醉酒、扰乱或伤害行为，那么大量饮酒就被认为是一个“问题”。酒吧服务员和朗姆酒店主报告说，他们会干预明显醉酒的顾客，并鼓励他们停止继续饮酒。参与者提到经济激励、预防酒精相关伤害和个人道德是防止醉酒的动机。受访者承认，鼓励负责任的饮酒是他们角色的合法部分，并且对服务员培训持赞成态度。然而，由于缺乏防止醉酒的社区范围内的标准和现有酒精政策的限制，对于干预措施的预期效果存在不同意见。鉴于受访者的动机和 SVG 缺乏标准化的酒精服务员培训，当将服务员培训作为多方面酒精政策的一部分进行推广时，强制服务员培训可以是一种有效的策略。
