Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Department of Medicine, University of California, Suite 1300, 50 Beale Street, San Francisco, CA 94105, USA.
AIDS Behav. 2012 Apr;16(3):700-10. doi: 10.1007/s10461-011-9888-z.
This study was designed to examine the prevalence of stigma and its underlying factors in two large Indian cities. Cross-sectional interview data were collected from 1,076 non-HIV patients in multiple healthcare settings in Mumbai and Bengaluru, India. The vast majority of participants supported mandatory testing for marginalized groups and coercive family policies for PLHA, stating that they "deserved" their infections and "didn't care" about infecting others. Most participants did not want to be treated at the same clinic or use the same utensils as PLHA and transmission misconceptions were common. Multiple linear regression showed that blame, transmission misconceptions, symbolic stigma and negative feelings toward PLHA were significantly associated with both stigma and discrimination. The results indicate an urgent need for continued stigma reduction efforts to reduce the suffering of PLHA and barriers to prevention and treatment. Given the high levels of blame and endorsement of coercive policies, it is crucial that such programs are shaped within a human rights framework.
这项研究旨在考察印度两个大城市中污名的流行程度及其背后的因素。本研究在印度孟买和班加罗尔的多个医疗保健机构中，从 1076 名非 HIV 患者中收集了横断面访谈数据。绝大多数参与者支持对弱势群体进行强制性检测，并对 PLHA 实施强制性家庭政策，他们表示这些人“罪有应得”，并表示“不在乎”感染他人。大多数参与者不希望在同一家诊所接受治疗或与 PLHA 使用相同的器具，而且传播误解很常见。多元线性回归显示，指责、传播误解、象征性污名和对 PLHA 的负面情绪与污名和歧视显著相关。研究结果表明，迫切需要继续开展减少污名的工作，以减轻 PLHA 的痛苦，并消除预防和治疗的障碍。鉴于指责和支持强制政策的程度很高，因此至关重要的是，此类方案应在人权框架内制定。
