Department of Psychology, University of Munich, Leopoldstrasse 13, 80802 Munich, Germany.
Cognition. 2011 Apr;119(1):120-4. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2011.01.001. Epub 2011 Feb 2.
Money's ability to enhance memory has received increased attention in recent research. However, previous studies have not directly addressed the time-dependent nature of monetary effects on memory, which are suggested to exist by research in cognitive neuroscience, and the possible detrimental effects of monetary rewards on learning interesting material, as indicated by studies in motivational psychology. By utilizing a trivia question paradigm, the current study incorporated these perspectives and examined the effect of monetary rewards on immediate and delayed memory performance for answers to uninteresting and interesting questions. Results showed that monetary rewards promote memory performance only after a delay. In addition, the memory enhancement effect of monetary rewards was only observed for uninteresting questions. These results are consistent with both the hippocampus-dependent memory consolidation model of reward learning and previous findings documenting the ineffectiveness of monetary rewards on tasks that have intrinsic value.
金钱增强记忆的能力 在最近的研究中受到了越来越多的关注。 然而,之前的研究并未直接探讨 金钱对记忆的影响随时间变化的性质, 这一性质是认知神经科学研究提出的, 同时也没有直接探讨 金钱奖励对学习有趣材料的潜在不利影响, 这是动机心理学研究表明的。 通过利用琐事问题范式, 本研究结合了这些观点, 并考察了金钱奖励对无趣和有趣问题答案的即时和延迟记忆表现的影响。 结果表明, 只有在延迟后, 金钱奖励才会促进记忆表现。 此外, 金钱奖励的记忆增强效应仅在无趣问题上观察到。 这些结果与奖励学习的海马体依赖型记忆巩固模型以及之前的研究结果一致, 这些研究结果表明, 金钱奖励对具有内在价值的任务无效。
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