Department of Sports Medicine and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2011 Feb;19(2):63-71. doi: 10.5435/00124635-201102000-00001.
Instrumentation in the upper cervical spine has changed considerably in the past two decades. Previous stand-alone wiring techniques have been made largely obsolete with the development of occipital segmental plating, transarticular screws, and C1 lateral mass screws, as well as a myriad of C2 fixation options, including pedicle, pars, and translaminar screws. Polyaxial screws and segmental fixation are more user-friendly than stand-alone wiring and provide a stronger construct. Awareness of the risks and benefits associated with the use of modern instrumentation and thorough familiarity with the anatomy of the upper cervical spine are essential to avoid complications and optimize outcomes.
在上颈椎中，器械已经发生了很大的变化。随着枕骨节段板、经关节螺钉和 C1 侧块螺钉的发展，以及无数的 C2 固定选择，包括椎弓根、椎板和经椎板螺钉，以前的独立布线技术已经基本过时。多轴螺钉和节段固定比独立布线更方便用户使用，并且提供了更强的结构。了解使用现代器械相关的风险和益处，以及对颈椎上部解剖结构的透彻了解，对于避免并发症和优化结果至关重要。
