Suraj Eye Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Retina. 2011 Jun;31(6):1179-85. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181f57ff2.
To evaluate the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the adult population of rural central India.
The population-based Central India Eye and Medical Study was conducted in rural central India and included 4,711 subjects (aged ≥30 years). Age-related macular degeneration was defined by the international classification of the Wisconsin age-related maculopathy grading system.
Fundus photographs were available for 4,542 subjects (96.4%). In subjects aged ≥40, ≥50, and ≥60 years, prevalence of early AMD was 6.1 ± 0.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.3-6.9%), 8.2 ± 0.6% (95% CI: 7.0-9.4%), and 8.3 ± 0.8% (95% CI: 6.8-9.9%), respectively, and that of late AMD was 0.2 ± 0.8% (95% CI: 0.1-0.4%), 0.2 ± 0.1% (95% CI: 0.1-0.4%), and 0.6 ± 0.2% (95% CI: 0.2-1.0%), respectively. The prevalence of early AMD increased from 1.3 ± 0.3% per subject in the 30-year-old to 40-year-old group, to 3.6 ± 0.5% in the 41-year-old to 50-year-old group, to 7.9 ± 0.9% in the 51-year-old to 60-year-old group, to 10.0 ± 1.1% in the 61-year-old to 70-year-old group, to 8.3 ± 0.2% in the 71-year-old to 80-year-old group, and to 8.0 ± 5.5% in the ≥81-year-old group. Age-related macular degeneration was causative for visual impairment (best-corrected visual acuity in the better eye: <20/60 and ≥20/400) in 3 of 342 subjects (0.9%) and for blindness (visual acuity <20/400) in 0 of 17 subjects.
After age adjustment, AMD was found less frequently in the adult population of rural central India than in European populations. Accordingly, visual impairment because of AMD was relatively uncommon in rural central India.
评估印度中部农村地区成年人群中年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）的患病率。
本研究为基于人群的印度中部眼与医学研究，在印度中部农村地区开展，共纳入 4711 名受试者（年龄≥30 岁）。AMD 采用威斯康星年龄相关性黄斑病变分级系统的国际分类标准进行定义。
共有 4542 名受试者（96.4%）提供了眼底照片。在年龄≥40、≥50 和≥60 岁的受试者中，早期 AMD 的患病率分别为 6.1%±0.4%（95%置信区间[CI]：5.3%-6.9%）、8.2%±0.6%（95% CI：7.0%-9.4%）和 8.3%±0.8%（95% CI：6.8%-9.9%），晚期 AMD 的患病率分别为 0.2%±0.8%（95% CI：0.1%-0.4%）、0.2%±0.1%（95% CI：0.1%-0.4%）和 0.6%±0.2%（95% CI：0.2%-1.0%）。早期 AMD 的患病率从 30 岁至 40 岁组的每例受试者 1.3%±0.3%，增加到 41 岁至 50 岁组的 3.6%±0.5%、51 岁至 60 岁组的 7.9%±0.9%、61 岁至 70 岁组的 10.0%±1.1%、71 岁至 80 岁组的 8.3%±0.2%，再增加到≥81 岁组的 8.0%±5.5%。AMD 导致了 342 名视力受损（最佳矫正视力：<20/60 且≥20/400）受试者中的 3 名（0.9%）和 17 名失明（视力<20/400）受试者中的 0 名发生视力障碍。
在年龄调整后，印度中部农村地区成年人群中 AMD 的发病率低于欧洲人群。因此，AMD 导致的视力障碍在印度中部农村地区相对少见。
