Suraj Eye Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Acta Ophthalmol. 2013 Aug;91(5):483-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2012.02447.x. Epub 2012 Jun 8.
The aim of the study was to investigate prevalence of visual impairment in rural central India.
The population-based Central India Eye and Medical Study included 4711 subjects with an age of 30+ years. Presenting visual acuity (PRVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were recorded. Visual impairment and blindness were defined using the World Health Organization (WHO) standard and United States (US) standard.
On the basis of PRVA and using WHO and US standards, 1049 [22%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 21.1, 23.5] subjects and 1290 (27%; 95% CI: 26.1, 28.7) subjects, respectively, were visually impaired, and 35 (0.7%; 95% CI: 0.5, 1.0) subjects and 116 (2.5%; 95% CI: 2.0, 2.9) subjects, respectively, were blind. The corresponding age-standardized prevalence figures were 17%, 21%, 0.5% and 2%, respectively. Using best-correcting glasses could eliminate PRVA-visual impairment/blindness in 729 subjects (67% of all subjects with visual impairment/blindness). On the basis of BCVA and using WHO and US standards, 333 (7%; 95% CI: 6.3, 7.8) subjects and 473 (10%; 95% CI: 9.2, 10.9) subjects, respectively, had visual impairment, and 22 (0.5%; 95% CI: 0.3, 0.7) and 31 (0.7%; 95% CI: 0.4, 0.9) subjects, respectively, were blind. Corresponding age-standardized prevalence figures were 5%, 8%, 0.4% and 0.5%, respectively. Causes for BCVA-visual impairment/blindness were cataract (75%), postoperative posterior capsular opacification (4%), surgical complications (2%), corneal opacifications (2%), age-related macular degeneration (2%), other macular diseases (1%), and glaucoma (1%).
Age-standardized prevalence of PRVA-visual impairment/blindness (WHO definition) in the adult population of rural central India was 17%. Most frequent cause was undercorrected refractive error. Supply of correct glasses is the most efficient way to improve vision in the rural central India.
本研究旨在调查印度中部农村地区视力障碍的患病率。
这项基于人群的印度中部眼与医学研究纳入了 4711 名年龄在 30 岁及以上的受试者。记录了眼前视力（PRVA）和最佳矫正视力（BCVA）。使用世界卫生组织（WHO）和美国（US）标准定义了视力障碍和失明。
根据 PRVA，使用 WHO 和 US 标准，分别有 1049 名（22%；95%置信区间[CI]：21.1，23.5）和 1290 名（27%；95%CI：26.1，28.7）受试者存在视力障碍，分别有 35 名（0.7%；95%CI：0.5，1.0）和 116 名（2.5%；95%CI：2.0，2.9）受试者失明。相应的年龄标准化患病率分别为 17%、21%、0.5%和 2%。使用最佳矫正眼镜可以消除 729 名（所有视力障碍/失明受试者的 67%）受试者的 PRVA 视力障碍/失明。根据 BCVA，使用 WHO 和 US 标准，分别有 333 名（7%；95%CI：6.3，7.8）和 473 名（10%；95%CI：9.2，10.9）受试者存在视力障碍，分别有 22 名（0.5%；95%CI：0.3，0.7）和 31 名（0.7%；95%CI：0.4，0.9）受试者失明。相应的年龄标准化患病率分别为 5%、8%、0.4%和 0.5%。BCVA 视力障碍/失明的原因是白内障（75%）、术后后囊混浊（4%）、手术并发症（2%）、角膜混浊（2%）、年龄相关性黄斑变性（2%）、其他黄斑疾病（1%）和青光眼（1%）。
印度中部农村地区成年人 PRVA 视力障碍/失明（WHO 定义）的年龄标准化患病率为 17%。最常见的原因是未矫正的屈光不正。提供正确的眼镜是改善印度中部农村地区视力的最有效方法。
