MMWR Recomm Rep. 2011 Jan 28;60(2):1-64.
This report is a revision of the General Recommendations on Immunization and updates the 2006 statement by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) (CDC. General recommendations on immunization: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices [ACIP]. MMWR 2006;55[No. RR-15]). The report also includes revised content from previous ACIP recommendations on the following topics: adult vaccination (CDC. Update on adult immunization recommendations of the immunization practices Advisory Committee [ACIP]. MMWR 1991;40[No. RR-12]); the assessment and feedback strategy to increase vaccination rates (CDC. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices: programmatic strategies to increase vaccination rates-assessment and feedback of provider-based vaccination coverage information. MMWR 1996;45:219-20); linkage of vaccination services and those of the Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC program) (CDC. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices: programmatic strategies to increase vaccination coverage by age 2 years-linkage of vaccination and WIC services. MMWR 1996;45:217-8); adolescent immunization (CDC. Immunization of adolescents: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Academy of Family Physicians, and the American Medical Association. MMWR 1996;45[No. RR-13]); and combination vaccines (CDC. Combination vaccines for childhood immunization: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices [ACIP], the American Academy of Pediatrics [AAP], and the American Academy of Family Physicians [AAFP]. MMWR 1999;48[No. RR-5]). Notable revisions to the 2006 recommendations include 1) revisions to the tables of contraindications and precautions to vaccination, as well as a separate table of conditions that are commonly misperceived as contraindications and precautions; 2) reordering of the report content, with vaccine risk-benefit screening, managing adverse reactions, reporting of adverse events, and the vaccine injury compensation program presented immediately after the discussion of contraindications and precautions; 3) stricter criteria for selecting an appropriate storage unit for vaccines; 4) additional guidance for maintaining the cold chain in the event of unavoidable temperature deviations; and 5) updated revisions for vaccination of patients who have received a hematopoietic cell transplant. The most recent ACIP recommendations for each specific vaccine should be consulted for comprehensive details. This report, ACIP recommendations for each vaccine, and additional information about vaccinations are available from CDC at http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines.
本报告是对免疫接种一般建议的修订，更新了免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）2006 年的声明（CDC. 免疫接种一般建议：免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）的建议。MMWR 2006；55[RR-15 号]）。该报告还包括了先前 ACIP 关于以下主题的建议的修订内容：成人疫苗接种（CDC. 更新免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）关于成人免疫接种建议。MMWR 1991；40[RR-12 号]）；评估和反馈策略以提高疫苗接种率（CDC. 免疫实践咨询委员会的建议：增加疫苗接种率的计划策略-评估和反馈基于提供者的疫苗接种覆盖率信息。MMWR 1996；45:219-20）；疫苗接种服务与补充营养计划（WIC 计划）之间的联系（CDC. 免疫实践咨询委员会的建议：增加 2 岁以下儿童疫苗接种覆盖率的计划策略-疫苗接种和 WIC 服务的联系。MMWR 1996；45:217-8）；青少年免疫接种（CDC. 青少年免疫接种：免疫实践咨询委员会、美国儿科学会、美国家庭医生学会和美国医学协会的建议。MMWR 1996；45[RR-13 号]）；和联合疫苗（CDC. 儿童免疫用联合疫苗：免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）、美国儿科学会（AAP）和美国家庭医生学会（AAFP）的建议。MMWR 1999；48[RR-5 号]）。对 2006 年建议的显著修订包括 1）对禁忌和预防接种的表格进行修订，以及单独列出常见被误解为禁忌和预防措施的条件表格；2）报告内容的重新排序，疫苗风险效益筛查、管理不良反应、不良事件报告和疫苗伤害赔偿计划在讨论禁忌和预防措施后立即呈现；3）为疫苗选择更严格的储存单位标准；4）在不可避免的温度偏差情况下，提供有关冷链维护的更多指导；和 5）更新造血细胞移植患者接种疫苗的修订。有关每种特定疫苗的最新 ACIP 建议，应查阅相关内容以获得全面详细信息。本报告、ACIP 对每种疫苗的建议以及有关疫苗接种的其他信息可从 CDC 网站获得，网址为 http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines。
