Ueno Masaki, Takaso Masashi, Nakazawa Toshiyuki, Imura Takayuki, Saito Wataru, Shintani Ryousuke, Uchida Kentaro, Fukuda Michinari, Takahashi Kazuhisa, Ohtori Seiji, Kotani Toshiaki, Minami Shohei
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
J Orthop Sci. 2011 Jan;16(1):1-6. doi: 10.1007/s00776-010-0009-z. Epub 2011 Feb 4.
School screening for scoliosis is a powerful tool that can be used to identify children who may have scoliosis. There have been no reports on the recent prevalence of idiopathic scoliosis in Japan since 1988.
A 5-year epidemiologic study was performed to determined the prevalence of idiopathic scoliosis, the curve magnitude, the distribution of this magnitude, and the sex ratio in school children. Between 2003 and 2007, a total of 255,875 children aged 11-14 years were screened.
A total of 3,424 children were found to be positive as a result of Moiré topography. With radiographic examination, 2,225 (65.0%) children with a Cobb angle of 10° or more were detected. The overall prevalence rate in schoolchildren 11-14 years of age with Cobb angles of 10° or more was 0.87%. The prevalence rate in girls increased from 0.78% at the age of 11-12 years to 2.51% at the age of 13-14 years. For boys, the prevalence rates were 0.04% at the age of 11-12 years and 0.25% at the age of 13-14 years. The overall ratio of girls to boys with scoliosis was 11:1. The ratio of girls to boys was 17:1 at the age of 11-12 years and 10:1 at the age of 13-14 years.
The majority of the curves fell in the range of 10°-19°. There was a slight increase in the prevalence rates of children with a curve of high magnitude (≥20°) as compared to the prevalence rate in 1988. We suggest that school screening for scoliosis is effective for early detection; however, it is first necessary to review and optimize the target groups.
学校脊柱侧弯筛查是一种可用于识别可能患有脊柱侧弯儿童的有力工具。自1988年以来，日本尚无关于特发性脊柱侧弯近期患病率的报告。
进行了一项为期5年的流行病学研究，以确定特发性脊柱侧弯的患病率、侧弯程度、该程度的分布以及在校儿童的性别比。在2003年至2007年期间，共筛查了255,875名11至14岁的儿童。
共有3424名儿童经莫尔条纹地形测量结果呈阳性。经X线检查，检测出2225名（65.0%）Cobb角为10°或更大的儿童。11至14岁Cobb角为10°或更大的在校儿童总体患病率为0.87%。女孩的患病率从11至12岁时的0.78%增至13至14岁时的2.51%。男孩的患病率在11至12岁时为0.04%，在13至14岁时为0.25%。脊柱侧弯女孩与男孩的总体比例为11:1。女孩与男孩的比例在11至12岁时为17:1，在13至14岁时为10:1。
大多数侧弯度数在10°至19°范围内。与1988年的患病率相比，侧弯度数较大（≥20°）的儿童患病率略有增加。我们认为学校脊柱侧弯筛查对早期发现有效；然而，首先有必要审查并优化目标群体。
