Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2011 Apr;21(2):224-49. doi: 10.1080/09602011.2010.544519. Epub 2011 Feb 2.
Planning of everyday tasks was examined in 48 inpatients with schizophrenia and 26 healthy controls. Participants were administered the Naturalistic Action Test, which requires completion of three everyday tasks (e.g., make toast and coffee). Planning variables, including planning behaviours (e.g., gathering items before engaging in a subtask) and planning time (e.g., period between task instructions and first action) were coded to evaluate forward thinking in these tasks. Results showed that planning variables were reliably coded. Controls demonstrated more planning behaviours than participants with schizophrenia; however, this difference was accounted for by education. People with schizophrenia spent significantly less time planning when planning time was analysed as a proportion of the total time on tasks. Planning variables were related to the ability to accomplish everyday task steps and to perform everyday task steps accurately. Together these findings suggest that rehabilitation strategies that emphasise both planning time and planning behaviours may facilitate everyday functioning in people with schizophrenia.
我们对 48 名精神分裂症住院患者和 26 名健康对照者进行了日常任务规划的研究。参与者接受了自然行动测试，该测试需要完成三项日常任务（例如，烤面包和煮咖啡）。对规划变量进行了编码，包括规划行为（例如，在从事子任务之前收集物品）和规划时间（例如，任务指令和第一个动作之间的时间段），以评估这些任务中的前瞻性思维。结果表明，规划变量可以可靠地进行编码。与精神分裂症患者相比，对照组表现出更多的规划行为；然而，这种差异可以通过教育程度来解释。当将规划时间分析为任务总时间的比例时，精神分裂症患者用于规划的时间明显较少。规划变量与完成日常任务步骤的能力以及准确执行日常任务步骤有关。这些发现表明，强调规划时间和规划行为的康复策略可能会促进精神分裂症患者的日常功能。
