Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Theriogenology. 2011 Jun;75(9):1596-601. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.12.020. Epub 2011 Feb 4.
The lack of scientific data concerning whether parturition in the queen proceeds normally or not may prevent veterinarians and cat owners from recognizing parturition problems in time. A questionnaire-based study of parturition in 197 queens was performed to determine several parameters of parturition and their influence on its progress. The mean length of gestation was 65.3 days (range 57 to 72 days) and it decreased with increasing litter size (P = 0.02). The median litter size was 4.5 kittens (range 1 to 9), with more males (53%) than females (46%) (P = 0.05). Sixty-nine percent of the kittens were born in anterior presentation and 31% in posterior presentation, indicating that either can be considered normal in the cat. Males were born in posterior position (34%) more often than females (26%) (P = 0.03). The mean birth weight was 98 g (range of 35 to 167 g) and decreased with increasing litter size (P < 0.01). Mean birth weight was higher in males and kittens born in posterior presentation (P < 0.01). Forty-four (5%) of the 887 kittens were stillborn. This was not correlated with the presentation at expulsion but stillborn kittens were more often female (P = 0.02) and weighed less than those born alive (P = 0.04). The median interkitten time was 30 min (range 2 to 343 min) and 95% were born within 100 min after expulsion of the preceding kitten. The interkitten time as a measure of the progress of parturition was not influenced by the kitten's gender, presentation at expulsion, birth weight, or stillbirth, or by the parity of the queen. The results of this study can be used to develop reference values for parturition parameters in the queen, both to determine whether a given parturition is abnormal and as the basis for a parturition protocol.
关于女王分娩是否正常，缺乏科学数据可能会导致兽医和猫主人无法及时识别分娩问题。对 197 只女王的分娩进行了基于问卷调查的研究，以确定分娩的几个参数及其对分娩进展的影响。妊娠期的平均长度为 65.3 天（范围为 57 至 72 天），并随着胎仔数量的增加而减少（P = 0.02）。中位数胎仔数为 4.5 只（范围为 1 至 9），其中雄性（53%）多于雌性（46%）（P = 0.05）。69%的幼崽为前位出生，31%为后位出生，这表明猫的这两种出生位置都可以被认为是正常的。雄性后位出生的比例（34%）高于雌性（26%）（P = 0.03）。平均出生体重为 98 克（范围为 35 至 167 克），并随着胎仔数量的增加而减少（P < 0.01）。雄性和后位出生的幼崽的平均出生体重较高（P < 0.01）。887 只幼崽中有 44 只（5%）为死胎。这与排出时的位置无关，但死胎更常见于雌性（P = 0.02），并且体重轻于活产幼崽（P = 0.04）。胎仔间的平均时间为 30 分钟（范围为 2 至 343 分钟），95%的幼崽在前一只幼崽排出后 100 分钟内出生。胎仔间时间作为分娩进展的衡量标准，不受幼崽性别、排出时的位置、出生体重或死胎以及女王的产次的影响。本研究的结果可用于为女王分娩参数制定参考值，以确定给定的分娩是否异常，并作为分娩方案的基础。
