Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27695, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2011 Jul;89(7):2145-53. doi: 10.2527/jas.2010-3558. Epub 2011 Feb 4.
In Exp. 1, a total of 144 pigs (BW, 6.68 ± 0.17 kg) were weaned at 21 d, blocked by BW, and allocated to 48 pens with 3 pigs per pen. Pens were randomly assigned to 1 of 6 dietary treatments (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10% glycerol supplemented to replace up to 10% lactose in a basal starter 1 diet containing 20% total lactose, which was fed for 2 wk), and a negative control diet with 10% lactose and 0% glycerol. A common starter diet was fed for the next 2 wk. In Exp. 2, a total of 126 pigs (BW, 6.91 ± 0.18 kg) were weaned at 21 d of age, blocked by BW, and allocated to 42 pens with 3 pigs per pen. Pigs were assigned to 1 of 6 treatments in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with factors being 1) glycerol inclusion in replacement of lactose in starter 1 diets (0 or 5%) fed for 2 wk, and 2) glycerol inclusion in starter 2 diets (0, 5, or 10%) fed for 3 wk. In Exp. 1, glycerol supplementation at 10% improved (P=0.01) ADG (266 vs. 191 g/d) and G:F (871 vs. 679 g/kg) during the starter 1 period when compared with the negative control. Incremental amounts of glycerol linearly (P<0.05) increased ADG and ADFI, but did not affect G:F during starter 1. There was no effect of feeding glycerol during the starter 1 phase on subsequent performance during the starter 2 phase or overall. Serum glycerol concentrations increased linearly (P=0.003) with increasing dietary glycerol, and serum creatinine (P=0.004) and bilirubin (P=0.03) concentrations decreased with increasing glycerol. In Exp. 2, glycerol did not affect performance during starter 1, but it linearly increased (P≤0.01) ADG and ADFI during starter 2 (464, 509, and 542 and 726, 822, and 832 g/d, respectively) and overall (368, 396, and 411 and 546, 601, and 609 g/d, respectively). At the end of the study, pigs were 1.0 and 1.5 kg heavier when fed 5 and 10% glycerol, respectively (linear, P<0.01). Serum glycerol concentrations increased linearly during starter 2 (P<0.001), but were not affected during starter 1. Glycerol supplementation increased serum urea N quadratically (P<0.001) and decreased creatinine linearly (P<0.05) in the starter 2 phase. Overall, data indicate that glycerol can be added to nursery pig diets at 10%, while improving growth performance.
在实验 1 中，共有 144 头仔猪（BW，6.68±0.17kg）于 21 日龄断奶，按 BW 分组，每个猪圈 3 头猪，共 48 个猪圈。将猪圈随机分配到 6 种日粮处理中的 1 种（0、2.5、5、7.5 和 10%甘油代替基础起始 1 日粮中高达 10%的乳糖，该日粮含 20%总乳糖，喂养 2 周），以及 1 种含 10%乳糖和 0%甘油的负对照日粮。接下来的 2 周，所有猪都饲喂相同的起始日粮。在实验 2 中，共有 126 头仔猪（BW，6.91±0.18kg）于 21 日龄断奶，按 BW 分组，每个猪圈 3 头猪，共 42 个猪圈。将猪分配到 2×3 因子设计的 6 种处理中，因子为 1）甘油在起始 1 日粮中代替乳糖的添加量（0 或 5%，喂养 2 周），2）甘油在起始 2 日粮中的添加量（0、5 或 10%，喂养 3 周）。在实验 1 中，与负对照相比，10%的甘油添加量提高了（P=0.01）起始 1 期的 ADG（266 比 191g/d）和 G:F（871 比 679g/kg）。甘油的递增剂量线性（P<0.05）提高了 ADG 和 ADFI，但在起始 1 期对 G:F 没有影响。在起始 1 期饲喂甘油对起始 2 期的后续性能或整体性能没有影响。血清甘油浓度与日粮甘油浓度呈线性增加（P=0.003），血清肌酐（P=0.004）和胆红素（P=0.03）浓度随甘油的增加而降低。在实验 2 中，甘油对起始 1 期的性能没有影响，但在起始 2 期线性提高了 ADG 和 ADFI（分别为 464、509 和 542 和 726、822 和 832g/d）和整体（368、396 和 411 和 546、601 和 609g/d）。研究结束时，饲喂 5%和 10%甘油的猪分别重 1.0kg 和 1.5kg（线性，P<0.01）。在起始 2 期，血清甘油浓度呈线性增加（P<0.001），但在起始 1 期没有受到影响。甘油的添加量使血清尿素氮二次方增加（P<0.001），肌酐线性降低（P<0.05）在起始 2 期。总的来说，数据表明甘油可以以 10%的比例添加到仔猪日粮中，同时提高生长性能。
