North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2010 Jan;88(1):214-24. doi: 10.2527/jas.2009-1993. Epub 2009 Sep 25.
Four experiments were conducted using 671 nursery pigs to evaluate fermented soybean meal (FSBM) as a new vegetable protein source for nursery pigs. In Exp. 1, a total of 192 pigs weaned at 19.2 +/- 0.3 d of age were fed 3 diets (8 pens per treatment) for 2 wk: a control diet (without FSBM) and 2 diets with 3 and 6% FSBM replacing soybean meal, followed by a common diet for the next 2 wk. In Exp. 2, a total of 160 pigs weaned at 21.6 +/- 0.2 d of age were fed 4 diets (5 pens per treatment) for 2 wk: a control diet (without FSBM but with 25% dried skim milk; DSM) and 3 diets with 3, 6, and 9% FSBM replacing DSM based on CP. Concentrations of CP, Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp were kept consistent among diets in Exp. 1 and 2. In Exp. 3, a total of 144 pigs weaned at 22.1 +/- 0.2 d of age were fed 3 diets (6 pens per treatment) for 2 wk: a control diet (without FSBM but with 40% DSM) and 2 diets with 5 and 10% FSBM replacing DSM based on CP. Concentrations of CP, Lys, Met, Thr, Trp, and lactose were kept consistent among diets. In Exp. 4, a total of 175 pigs weaned at 20.7 +/- 0.4 d of age were fed 5 diets (5 pens per treatment) for 3 wk: a basal diet [15.5% CP without plasma protein (PP) and FSBM], 2 diets (18.4% CP) with 3.7% PP or 4.9% FSBM, and 2 diets (21.2% CP) with 7.3% PP or 9.8% FSBM. Concentrations of Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp were kept consistent among diets with the same CP concentrations. Pigs had access to feed and water ad libitum and their BW and feed intake were measured weekly for all experiments. Use of up to 6% FSBM replacing soybean meal improved (P < 0.05) G:F and diarrhea scores of nursery pigs (Exp. 1). Use of up to 9% FSBM replacing DSM reduced (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F (Exp. 2). When lactose concentrations were equal, FSBM could replace up to 10% DSM without adverse effects on ADG and G:F (Exp. 3). Relative bioavailability of protein in FSBM to PP was 99.1% (Exp. 4). Collectively, FSBM can serve as an alternative protein source for nursery pigs at 3 to 7 wk of age, possibly replacing the use of DSM and PP but excluding the first week postweaning for PP when balancing for AA and lactose.
进行了四项实验，共使用了 671 头保育猪来评估发酵豆粕（FSBM）作为保育猪的新型植物蛋白源。在实验 1 中，总共 192 头 19.2±0.3 日龄断奶的猪被喂食 3 种日粮（每种处理 8 个栏）2 周：一种对照日粮（不含 FSBM）和 2 种用 3%和 6% FSBM 替代豆粕的日粮，然后在接下来的 2 周内使用相同的日粮。在实验 2 中，总共 160 头 21.6±0.2 日龄断奶的猪被喂食 4 种日粮（每种处理 5 个栏）2 周：一种对照日粮（不含 FSBM，但含有 25%的干脱脂乳；DSM）和 3 种用 3%、6%和 9% FSBM 替代 DSM 的日粮，基于 CP 含量进行替代。实验 1 和实验 2 中，所有日粮的 CP、Lys、Met、Thr 和 Trp 浓度保持一致。在实验 3 中，总共 144 头 22.1±0.2 日龄断奶的猪被喂食 3 种日粮（每种处理 6 个栏）2 周：一种对照日粮（不含 FSBM，但含有 40%的 DSM）和 2 种用 5%和 10% FSBM 替代 DSM 的日粮，基于 CP 含量进行替代。所有日粮的 CP、Lys、Met、Thr、Trp 和乳糖浓度保持一致。在实验 4 中，总共 175 头 20.7±0.4 日龄断奶的猪被喂食 5 种日粮（每种处理 5 个栏）3 周：一种基础日粮（15.5% CP，不含血浆蛋白（PP）和 FSBM）、2 种 18.4% CP 的日粮（含 3.7% PP 或 4.9% FSBM）和 2 种 21.2% CP 的日粮（含 7.3% PP 或 9.8% FSBM）。具有相同 CP 浓度的日粮的 Lys、Met、Thr 和 Trp 浓度保持一致。所有实验中，猪可以自由采食和饮水，每周测量一次 BW 和采食量。使用高达 6%的 FSBM 替代豆粕可以改善保育猪的 G:F 和腹泻评分（实验 1）。使用高达 9%的 FSBM 替代 DSM 会降低 ADG 和 G:F（实验 2）。当乳糖浓度相同时，FSBM 可以替代高达 10%的 DSM，而不会对 ADG 和 G:F 产生不利影响（实验 3）。实验 4 中，FSBM 中蛋白质的相对生物利用率对 PP 为 99.1%。总的来说，FSBM 可以作为 3 至 7 周龄保育猪的替代蛋白源，可能替代 DSM 和 PP 的使用，但在平衡 AA 和乳糖时，不包括 PP 断奶后的第一周。
