Ministère du Développement durable, de l'Environnement et des Parcs, Direction du suivi et de l'état de l'environnement, Service des avis et expertises scientifiques, gouvernement du Québec, Québec, QC, Canada.
Inhal Toxicol. 2011 Feb;23(2):74-94. doi: 10.3109/08958378.2010.543439. Epub 2011 Feb 8.
The methodology developed in our previous studies ( Brochu et al. 2006a-c ) for the determination of physiological daily inhalation rates was improved by integrating into the calculation process, both nighttime and daytime respiratory parameters, namely oxygen uptake factors (H) and ventilatory equivalents (VQ). H values during fasting (0.2057±0.0018 L of O2/kcal; mean±SD) and postprandial phases (0.2059±0.0019 L of O2/kcal) as well as VQ values for subjects at rest (27.4±4.8 to 32.2±3.1, unitless) and during the aggregate daytime activities (29.9±4.2 to 33.7±7.2) were determined and combined with published doubly labeled water measurements for the calculation of daily inhalation rates in normal-weight males and females aged 0.22-96 years (n=1235). Depending upon the unit value chosen, the highest 99th percentiles for inhalation data were found in males aged 35 to <45 years (35.40 m3/day), 2.6 to <6 months (1.138 m3/kg-day), and 10 to <16.5 years (22.29 m3/m2-day). Means and percentiles expressed in m3/kg-day as well as in m3/m2-day suggest generally higher intakes of air pollutants in children than in adults and in males than in females (in g/kg-day or g/m2-day) for identical exposure concentrations and conditions. For instance, means in boys aged 2.6 to <6 months of 10.99±3.50 m3/m2-day and 0.572±0.191 m3/kg-day are 1.3- and 2.5-folds higher, respectively, than those in adult males 65?96 years old (8.42±2.13 m3/m2-day, 0.225±0.059 m3/kg-day).
我们之前的研究（Brochu 等人，2006a-c）中开发的用于确定生理日常吸入率的方法得到了改进，方法是将夜间和日间呼吸参数（即氧气摄取因子（H）和通气当量（VQ））纳入计算过程。空腹（0.2057±0.0018 L 的 O2/千卡；平均值±SD）和餐后阶段（0.2059±0.0019 L 的 O2/千卡）的 H 值以及休息时（27.4±4.8 至 32.2±3.1，无量纲）和全天活动时（29.9±4.2 至 33.7±7.2）的 VQ 值都进行了测定，并与已发表的双标记水测量值结合，计算出 0.22-96 岁正常体重男性和女性的日常吸入率（n=1235）。根据所选单位值，发现 35 至<45 岁男性（35.40 m3/天）、2.6 至<6 个月（1.138 m3/kg-天）和 10 至<16.5 岁（22.29 m3/m2-天）的吸入数据最高 99 百分位值。以 m3/kg-天和 m3/m2-天表示的平均值和百分位数表明，对于相同的暴露浓度和条件，儿童的空气污染物摄入量普遍高于成年人，男性高于女性（以 g/kg-天或 g/m2-天表示）。例如，2.6 至<6 个月男孩的平均值为 10.99±3.50 m3/m2-天和 0.572±0.191 m3/kg-天，分别比 65-96 岁成年男性高出 1.3 倍和 2.5 倍（8.42±2.13 m3/m2-天，0.225±0.059 m3/kg-天）。
