Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Apr;11(2):132-6. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e3283445743.
Asthma education is a key component of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) asthma guidelines. Although the benefits and importance of asthma patient education are well documented, there are still many open questions regarding how to best provide asthma education. The following review highlights recent developments in this topic.
Recent innovations have applied asthma education in a variety of settings. Ensuring that health professionals within a community provide consistent educational messages about asthma can create synergy and leverage limited healthcare resources to improve outcomes. In addition, children seem to have greater responsibility for self-management of asthma at younger ages.
Further work is needed to understand how clinicians can best educate and give parents anticipatory guidance about how to best teach and transfer asthma self-management skills to young children. By developing teaching and mastering self-management skills at an early age, children may be able to carry such skills into adulthood. Finally, given the prevalence of healthcare disparities, there is a continued need for rigorously evaluated programs that are culturally appropriate and effective.
哮喘教育是美国国立心肺血液研究所（NHLBI）哮喘指南的一个重要组成部分。尽管哮喘患者教育的益处和重要性已得到充分证明，但关于如何最好地提供哮喘教育仍有许多悬而未决的问题。以下综述强调了这一主题的最新进展。
最近的创新已经将哮喘教育应用于各种环境中。确保社区内的卫生专业人员提供关于哮喘的一致教育信息，可以产生协同作用，并利用有限的医疗资源来改善结果。此外，儿童似乎在更年轻时就对哮喘的自我管理承担更大的责任。
需要进一步研究临床医生如何最好地教育家长，并为他们提供有关如何最好地教授和传授哮喘自我管理技能的预期指导。通过在早期阶段培养教学和掌握自我管理技能，儿童可能能够将这些技能带入成年期。最后，鉴于医疗保健差异的普遍性，仍需要进行严格评估的、文化适宜且有效的项目。
