Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Sex Transm Dis. 2011 Jul;38(7):667-71. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31820cb166.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng) has developed resistance to most antimicrobial agents and the antibiotics recommended for therapy are restricted, for the most part, to third generation cephalosporins. In order to investigate new potential sources of antimicrobial agents, the antibacterial properties of 14 Canadian plants used in traditional First Nations' medicine were tested against Ng isolates having differing antimicrobial susceptibility profiles.
Ethanolic extracts of 14 Canadian botanicals, analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, were tested for their antimicrobial activity (disc diffusion and/or agar dilution assays) against susceptible Ng reference strains and a panel of 28 Ng isolates with various antimicrobial resistance profiles.
Extracts of Arctostaphylos uva ursi (kinnikinnick or bearberry), Hydrastis canadensis (goldenseal), Prunus serotina (black cherry), and Rhodiola rosea (roseroot) inhibited the growth of all Ng isolates with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 32 μg/mL, 4 to 32 μg/mL, 16 to >32 μg/mL, and 32 to 64 μg/mL, respectively. Extracts of Acorus americanus (sweet flag), Berberis vulgaris (barberry), Cimicifuga racemosa (black cohosh), Equisetum arvense (field horsetail), Gaultheria procumbens (wintergreen), Ledum groenlandicum (Labrador tea), Ledum palustre (marsh Labrador tea), Oenothera biennis (common evening primrose), Sambucus nigra (elderberry), and Zanthoxylum americanum (prickly ash) had weak or no antimicrobial activity against the Ng isolates with minimum inhibitory concentrations ≥256 μg/mL. The phytochemical berberine from H. canadensis inhibited the growth of all Ng isolates. The phytochemicals, salidroside and rosavin, present in R. rosea, also showed inhibitory activity against Ng strains.
Canadian botanicals represent a potential source of novel compounds which inhibit Ng, including isolates resistant to antibiotics.
淋病奈瑟菌（Ng）已对大多数抗菌药物产生耐药性，而推荐用于治疗的抗生素在很大程度上仅限于第三代头孢菌素。为了寻找新的抗菌药物潜在来源，对用于传统第一民族医学的 14 种加拿大植物的抗菌特性进行了测试，以对抗具有不同抗菌药敏谱的 Ng 分离株。
通过高效液相色谱法分析 14 种加拿大植物的乙醇提取物，并用药敏纸片扩散法和/或琼脂稀释法检测其对敏感 Ng 参考株和 28 株具有不同抗菌耐药谱 Ng 分离株的抗菌活性。
熊果（熊果或越桔）、黄连（黄连）、黑樱桃（黑樱桃）和玫瑰根（玫瑰根）的提取物分别抑制了所有 Ng 分离株的生长，最小抑菌浓度为 32μg/ml、4-32μg/ml、16-＞32μg/ml 和 32-64μg/ml。菖蒲（甜菖蒲）、小檗（小檗）、升麻（黑升麻）、问荆（地衣）、鹿蹄草（地衣）、格陵兰茶（拉布拉多茶）、沼泽茶（沼泽拉布拉多茶）、月见草（月见草）、黑接骨木（接骨木）和美洲花椒（美洲花椒）的提取物对 Ng 分离株的最小抑菌浓度≥256μg/ml，抗菌活性较弱或无。黄连中的植物化学物质小檗碱抑制了所有 Ng 分离株的生长。存在于玫瑰根中的植物化学物质，包括 salidroside 和 rosavin，也对 Ng 菌株表现出抑制活性。
加拿大植物可能是抑制 Ng 的新型化合物的潜在来源，包括对抗生素耐药的分离株。
